_ r *^~-i- ^.-- -- &^u ; - 1SS?.'3 . '& : ,._ j^T3uR-: ^ ^ ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM VOLUME XVII. ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM VOLUME XV II. PRINTED FOR THE TRUSTEES OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM BY ADLARD & SON & WEST NEWMAN, LTD., LONDON. 19171920. TRUSTEES OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. The Right Hon. JOHN XAVIER MERRIMAN, P.O., M.L.A. Sir THOMAS MUIE, Kt., C.M.G., L.L.D., F.R.S., F.R.S.E. The Hon. JOHN WILLIAM JAGGER, M.L.A. , F.R.Stat.S. SCIENTIFIC STAFF OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. Louis ALBERT PERINGUEY, D.Sc., F.Z.S., F.E.S., Director. SIDNEY HENRY HAUGHTON, B.A., F.G.S.. Assistant Director. ARTHUR LEWIS HALL, B.A., Keeper of the Geological and Mineralogioal Collections. KEPPEL HARCOURT BARNARD, M.A., F.L.S., Assistant in Charge of Fish and Marine Invertebrate Collections. RICHARD WILLIAM ETHELBERT TUCKER, M.A., Assistant in Charge of Arthropoda (Insects excluded). STAR GARABEDIAN, B.A. Assistant in Charge of Botanical Collections. LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS. C. P. ALEXANDER. PAGE The Crane-flies of South Africa in the South African Museum (Diptera, Tipulidae). Part I 139 K. H. BARNARD. Contributions to the Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. Part 6. Further Additions to the List of Marine Isopoda 31!:> T. ESBEN-PETERSEN. Two species of Bittacidae (Neuroptera) from South Africa 187 New Species of Neuropterous Insects from South Africa (Ephemerida, Megaloptera and Embiidina) 499 South African Neuroptera 507 A. J. T. JANSE. Description of an apparently undescribed Moth of the Family Lyman- tridae (Lepidoptera) 185 J. J. KIEFFEK. A new genus of Chironomid (Diptera) from the Cape 523 E. METRICK. Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. Part V 1 Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. Part VI 273 C. MORLET. On some South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the South African Museum. Part 2 191 L. B. PROUT. New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum .... 47 G. EICARDO. New species of South African Tabanidae (Diptera) 527 T. R. R. STEBBING. South African Crustacea (Part. 9 of S.A. Crustacea for the Marine Investigations in South Africa) 23 South African Crustacea (Part 10 of S.A. Crustacea for the Marine Investigations in South Africa) 231 VII R. W. E. TUCKER. PAGE On some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). Families Migidae, Ctenizidae, Diplotheleae and Dipluridae) 79 Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna No. 2. On some new South African Spiders of the Families Barychelidae, Dipluridae, Eresidae, Zodariidae, Heracliidae, Urocteidae, Clubionidae . 439 R. E. TURNER. On some new species and others of Fossorial Hymenoptera in the South African Museum 489 INDEX OF NEW GENERIC NAMES INTRODUCED IN THIS VOLUME. PAGE Allochlorodes n.g. (Hemitheinae) PROUT 47 Allothele n.g. (Dipluridae) TUCKER . . . 441 Anathyrsa n.g. (Pterolonchidae) MEYRICK . 299 Arctopsis n.g. (Astacillidae) BARNARD . 386 Areocosma n.g. (Oecophoridae) MEYRICK . 7 Artopoles n.g. .(Sphaeromidae) BARNARD 376 Asapharcha n.g. (Xyloryctidae) MEYRICK Briarostoma n.g. (Oecophoridae) MEYRICK .... Cathalistis n.g. (Tineidae) MEYRICK 14 Dairoides n.g. (Xanthidae) STEBBING Doliochastis n.g. (Eucosmidae) MEYRICK . . . 277 Doxomeres n.g. (Oecophoridae) MEYRICK . 6 Ellochotis n.g. (Tineidae) MEYRICK 311 Encelidotis n.g. (Tineidae) MEYRICK 307 Enscepastra n.g. (Coleophoridae) MEYRICK 300 Epaleura n.g. (Tineidae) MEYRICK 14 Glenochrysa n.g. (Chrysopidae) ESBEN-PETERSEN. 518 Gnatholana n.g. (Enrydicidae) BARNARD 352 Hapaloptyx n.g. (Uroptychidae) STEBBING 262 Holidotea n.g. (Pseudidotheidae) BARNARD 381 Homalopsycha n.g. (Tineidae) MEYRICK ... . 304 Idiotechna n.g. (Tineidae) MEYRICK ... 305 Ilychthonos n.g. (Desmosomidae) BARNARD 414 Leptosialis n.g. (Sialidae) ESBEN-PETERSEN. 502 Leptotipula n.g. (Tipulidae) ALEXANDER . . 160 Meloteles n.g. (Oecophoridae) MEYRICK 289 Metoponaplos n.g. (Tabanidae) RICARDO 527 Morotripta n.g. (Hyponomeutidae) MEYRICK 11 VIII PAGE Ochetoxena n.g. (Tineidae) MEYRICK 305 Paragigantione n.g. (Bopyridae) BARNARD . 428 Paraptica n.g. (Tineidae) MEYRICK 15 Picrogenes n.g. (Oecophoridae) MEYRICK . .' 5 Platylimnobia n.g. (Tipulidae) ALEXANDER . 149 Prototheora n.g. (Prototheoridae) MEYRICK 18 Pseudomaenas n.g. (Geometridae) PROUT 60 Sandaloeca n.g. (Coleophoridae) MEYRICK 300 Segregara n.g. (Ctenizidae) TUCKER 125 Sindonophora n.g. (Lamproniadae) MEYRICK .... 16 Skiapus n.g. (Ichneumonidae) MORLEY . 220 Trichapseudes n.g. (Apseudidae) BARNARD . 325 Trissoclunio n.g. (Chironomidae) KIEFFER 523 Xemostoma n.g. (Cyclodorippidae) STEBBING 243 Zygographa n.g. (Hyponomeutidae) MEYRICK. ... 11 DATE OF ISSUE OF THE PARTS. Part 1, May 18th, 1917. Part 2, September 24th, 1917. Part 3, September 24th, 1917. Part 4, February 27th, 1920. Part 5, August 12th, 1920. Part 6, December 30th, 1920. LIST OF PLATES. PLATE I. Achaeopsis thomsoni (Norm.). II. Calocaris alcocki McArdle. III. Polycheles demani n. sp. ,,. i Solenocera africanus n.sp. ^ Leander pacificus Stmps. V. Acanthephyra brachytelsonis Bate. VI. Nematocarcinus parvidentatus Bate. Ichnopus macrobetomma n. sp. Metopa rotundus n. sp. VIII. Achtheinus dentatus Wilson. SStasimopus purcelli n. sp. Stasimopus kentanicus Pure. Spiroctenus cambierae Pure. j Spiroctenus collinus Poc. f Spiroctenus validus Pure. v Spiroctenus purcelli n. sp. Ptychoptera capensis n sp. Dicranomyia lightfooti n. sp. Dicranomyia tipulipes Karsch. Dicranomyia marleyi n. sp. Rhipidia afra Berg. Libnotes capensis n. sp. Rhamphidia capensis n. sp. Elephantomyia aurantiaca n.sp. Styringomyia vittata Edw. Atarba capensis n. sp. Erioptera bonae spei n.sp. Erioptera peringueyi Berg Trimicra inconspicua Loew. Podoneura anthracogramma Berg. Gnophomyia elegans Wiedm. Gonomyia spuria Berg. Gonomyia natalensis n. sp. XI. \ Gonomyia brevifurca n. sp. Limnophila transvaalica n. sp. Limnophila frugi Berg. Dolichopeza hirtipennis n. sp. O I & Aoi O 1 List of Plates. XI. XII. XIII. XIV. XV. Leptotipula limnophiloides n. sp. Megistocera bicauda Speiser. Megistocera hirsuta n. sp. Longurio bonae spei Berg. Longurio minusculus n. sp*. Ctenacroscelis albovittatus Macq. Tipula soror Wiedem. Tipula zambeziensis n. sp. Tipula pomposa Berg. Tipula jocosa n. sp. Tipula coronata n. sp. Tipula caffra n. sp. Nephrotoma umbripennis n. sp. Nephrotoma edwardsi n. sp. Nephrotoma strenua n. sp. Nephrotoma unicingulata n. sp. Nephrotoma antennata Wiedem. Nephrotoma tigrina n. sp. Nephrotoma tincta Walker. Nephrotoma petiolata Macq. Megistocera bicauda Speiser. Leptotipula limnophiloides n. sp. Tipula chionoides n.sp. Platyhmnobia barnardi n. sp. Styringomyia vittata Edw. Longurio bonae spei Berg. Tipula soror Wiedem. Tipula coronata n. sp. Longurio minusculus n. sp. Tipula pomposa Berg. Tipula zambeziensis n. sp. Leptotipula limnophiloides n. sp. Longurio bonae spei Berg. Longurio minusculus n. sp. Ctenacroscelis albovittatus Macq. Tipula soror Wiedem. Tipula zambeziensis n. sp. Tipula pomposa Berg. Tipula coronata n. pp. Nephrotoma umbripennis n. sp. Nephrotoma strenua n sp. Nephrotoma antennata Wiedem. Nephrotoma unicingulata n. sp. Nephrotoma tincta Walker. Nephrotoma tigrina n. sp. Apseudes agulhensis n. sp. Trichapseudes tridens n. sp. Gnathia spongicola n. sp. List of Plates. XI XV. XVI. XVII. XVIII. XIX. XX. XXI. XXII. XXIII XXIV. XXV. XXVI. Gnathia disjuncta n. sp. Apanthura serricauda n. sp. Pseudanthura lateralis Bich. Cirolana littoralis n. sp. Cirolana meinerti n. sp. Cirolana fluviatilis Stebb. Cirolana palifrons n. sp. Cirolana cingulata n. sp. Gnatholana mandibularis n. sp. Zuzara furcifer n. sp. Cymodoce tuberculosa Stebb. var. tripartita Rich. Cymodoce japonica Rich. var. natalensis n. Cymodoce tetrathele n. sp. Cymodoce cavicola n. sp. Cymodoce cryptodoma n. sp. Cymodoce excavans n. sp. Cymodocella cancellata n. sp. Cassidias africana n. sp. Holidotea unicornis n. sp. Arcturella pustulata n. sp. Arcturella longipes n. sp. Arcturella brevipes n. sp. Stenetrium dagama n. sp. Stenetrium diazi n. sp. Stenetrium saldanha n. sp. Janira angusta n. sp. Haploniscus dimeroceras n. sp. Paramunna concavifrons n. sp. Macrostylis spiniceps n. sp. Rhabdomesus bacillopsis n. sp. Ilychthonos capensis n. sp Pseudomunnopsis beddardi (Tatt.). Eurycope fusiformis n. sp. Eurycope quadrata n. sp. Eurycope sulcifrons n. sp. Palaegyge plesionikae n. sp. Pseudione munidae n. sp. Paragigantione papillosa n. sp. Dairoides margaritatus n. sp. Xemostoma eucheir n. sp. Cymonomus trifurcus n. sp. Lithadia barnardi n. sp. Cryptodromia micronyx n. sp. Eudromia bituberculatus n. sp. Latreillopsis alcocki n. sp. Hapaloptyx difficilis n. sp. Nursia scandens n. sp. Axius longispina n. sp. XII List of Plates. XXVII. XXVIII. XXIX. Axius longispina n. sp. Allothele teretis n. sp. Adonea parva n. sp. Diores auricula n. sp. Diores druryi n. sp. Diores capensis n sp. Diores jonesi n. sp. Rhaeboctesis trinotatus n. sp. Ehaeboctesis matroosbergensis n. sp. Rhaeboctesis exilis n. sp Rhaeboctesis transvaalensis n. sp. Rhaeboctesis secundus n. sp. Eresus purcelli n. sp. Eresus depressns n. sp. Eresus fumosus n. sp. Dresserus colsoni n. sp. Dresserus kannemeyeri n. sp. Dresserus nigellus n. sp. Dresserus schreineri n. sp. Dresserus sericatus n. sp. Hersiliola australis n. sp. Hersilia bicornis n. sp. Hersilia pungwensis n. sp. Uroctea septemnotata n. sp. Uroctea quinquenotata n.sp. Diores bifurcata n. sp. Diores poweri n. sp. Diores salisburyensis n. sp. Diores setosus n. sp. Ceto curvipes n. sp. INDEX OF GENERA. A. PAGE Acanthephyra 35 Achaeopsis 24 Achelous 236 Achtheinus 40 Acrocercops 12 Adonea 451 Agathotanais ..." 331 Aglaocryptus 211 Allocamptus 222 Allochlorodes 47 Allothele 441 Amalopenaeue 31 Ammatoraus I' 1 '. Amydria 16 Anathyrsa 299 Ancylotrypa 94 Ankylopteryx 513 Anoplius 492 Anthobosca 490 Anthura 337 Apanthura 339 Aphilopota 66 Apseudes 321 Arctopsis 386 Arcturella ... .389 Areocosma 7 Argyroploce 279 Arpactus 494 Artopoles 376 Asapharcha . . 292 Asphragis 217 Aspilatopsis 63 Astacilla 386 Atalophlebia 499 Atarba 147 Atyckia .294 Axiodes 65 Axius 264 B. Barbaroscardia 308 Bassus Batozonus . 491 PAGE Bittacus 187 Brachmia 285 Braunsomeria 489 Briarostoma 290 Bucculatrix 301 C. Calcinus 258 Carpilius 234 Cassidias 374 Cathalistis ......... 14 Ceromitia .17, 311 Ceto 480 Charitojoppa 200 Charybdis . 237 Chloroclystis 57 Chlorodopsis 235 Chrysocentris 297 Chrysopa 513 Cirolana 37, 345 Cleistostoma 239 Clibanarius 258 Cloeon 502 Clypeoniscus 431 Cnephasia 277 Coelichneumon : . 197 Coleophora 299 Compsolechia . 284 Conchoecetes 253 Conchylia 58 Conilorpheus 351 Conosia 154 Copromorpha 9 Corycodus 242 Cosmonotus 250 Cremaatus 225 Cryptaulax ........ 209 Cryptodromia 251 Cryptolechia 6, 290 Cryptus 211 Ctenacroscelis 163 Ctenocompa 309 Cymodoce 362 Cymodocella 372 XIV Index of Genera. PAGE Cymonomus 244 Cymothoa 357 Cyproniscus 430 D. Dairoides 233 Depressaria 287 Dichomeris 5, 284 Dicranomyia 140 Diocosma 8 Diores 459 Diplothele . . 118, 440 Discalma 72 Doclea 232 Dolichopeza I." Doliocliastis 277 Doxomeres 6 Drepanogynis 62 Dresserus 453 E. Earrana 209 Echthromorpha 213 Elachista 297 Elephantomyia ....... 146 Ellochotis 311 Encelidotis. .'....... 307 Enscepastra ........ 300 Epaleura 14 Epichorista ' : . 2, 276 Epijoppa 196 Epimactis 9 Epithectis '.'... 281 Epiurus 214 Eporycta ......... 291 Eresus . . . 445 Eridachtha. . 285 Erioptera ' ... 148 Fucosma . . . 278 Eucrate ... 238 Eudromia 253 Eugerda. ... 410 Eupagurus. ..'...... 259 Eupalanus 199 Eupithecia .'..-. 54 Eurycope . . 420 Exanthura 340 Exeristes 213 G. Gabunia 212 Galathea 26 Gelechia. . . g \ : . . 3, 283 Glenochrysa 518 Glyphipteryx 10, 295 Gnathia. . . . Gnatholana .... 352 PAGE Gnathophausia 36 Gnophomyia 151 Gonodontis 72 Gonomyia 151 Gorgyrella 135 Goryphus 205 H. Hapaloptyx 262 Haploembia 503 Haploniscus 406 Hebdomophruda 60 Hemerobius 508 Hemerophila 67 Hemiarthrna 429 Hemipepsis 492 Hermpimpla 215 Hemiteles 205 Henicospilue 223 Hermacha 106 Hersilia 473 Hersiliola 472 Hieroxestis 13 Holidotea 381 Homalophycha 304 Homostola 97 Hyastenus 25 I. Ichnopus 38 Idiops . 88, 439 Idiotechna 305 Ilyarachna 418 Ilychthonos ........ 414 Ischnojoppa . 194 Ischnothele 123, 444 Isocrita . 291 J. Janira . 404 K. Kuphomunna 409 L. Lanocira 354 Larentia 53 Larentioides 68 Latreillopsis 255 Latypica ' . . . 306 Leander 34 Leptochelia 331 Leptophatnus 193 Leptosialis 502 Leptotipula 160 Index of Genera. XV PAGE Lerneaeniscus . ..... 42 Leucosia 249 Libnotes 143 Limnophila 155 Lithadia . 247 Livoneca .... . 357 Longurio .... . 162 M. Macrostylis 411 Mallobathra . . 307 Megacraspedus 281 Megistocera . .- .- 158 Melasina ......... 15, 309 Meloteles ... 289 Mesostenus 208 Metatheora 315 Metopa Metoponaplos 627 Microligia 59 Micromus ........... 508 Moansa ... 212 Moggridgea 79 Mongoma 154 Morotripta 11 Myrmecozela 303 N. Narycia 308 Nematocarcinus 35 Neoarcturua .... . . 397 Neotypus 198 Neplirotoma 172 Nepticula .. -13, 312 Notbocbrysa 510 Notogonia 496 Nototrachys . . Nursia - 246 Nyeson . . 495 0. Obolcona 73 Ochetoxena 305 Olapa ... 185 Omorga .... Orneodes Ortholitha Oxyptilua . . 274 P. Paguristes . . . Palaeaspilates Palaegyge . 424 raniscus .... Paragigantione .... Paramunna 408 PAGE Paranthura 343 Parapsectris 4 Paraptica 15 Paratanais . 329 Parathranitee 237 Pareclipsis 73 Penaeus 31 Peridela 69 Petelia , . . . 74 Petrolisthee 261 Phycodes 294 Picrogenes 5 Picrospora 307 Pilumnus 235 Pimpla 214 Pinnotheres 240 Pionothele 117 Pisinidea 301 Platylabrus 201 Platylimnobia _ .. . 149 Platymaia 231 Podoneura 151 Poecilomigas 83 Polycheles 28 Polykymno 4 Pristomeridia 224 Pristomerus 225 Protomacha 286 Prototheora 18, 312 Pseudanthura 343 Pseudione 426 Pseudomaenas 60 Pseudomunnopsis 416 Pterophorus 2, 274 Ptychopoda 50 Ptychoptera 139 Pycnostola 280 R. Raninoides 249 Rhabdomesus 413 Rhaeboctesis 481 Rhamphidia 145 Rhipidia 143 Rhipidosmylus 507 S. Sandaloeca 300 Scopula 48 Scythris 10, 298 Segregara 125 Sicyodes 64 Silvius 529 Simaetbis 295 Sindonopbora 16 Skiapus. . . . Solenocera Sphaeroma 358 XVI Index of Genera. PAGE Sphyrapus 328 Spilonota 2 Spiroctenus 98 Stasimopus 84 Stegodyphus . . . Stenetrium 398 Stereomastis 29 Stizus 492 Styringomyia 147 Syzeuctus 216 T. Tama 476 Tanyzancla 286 Tegona 218 Telphusa 282 Tephrina ^1 , Thelechons 119 Thenus 267 Theronia ... 213 Thyestarcha Tinea 13, 302 Tipula Tortrix . . . Trichapseudes Trichoptilus . Trichorythus . Trimicra Trissoclunio 1 PAGE 274 325 , 273 501 149 523 U. Uroctea . 477 X. Xanthocampoplex 226 Xanthqjoppa 195 Xanthopimpla 214 Xeinostoma . . 243 Z. Zeloinora 306 Znzara 361 Zygogra,plia U ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM (VOL. XVII.) 1. Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. - - By E. MEYRICK, B.A., F.E.S. THE following species are described from specimens forwarded to me through the kindness of Dr. L. Pt'riuguey ; the types are in the South African Museum. PTEROPHORIDAE. GEN. TKICHOPTILUS Walsgh. TRICHOPTILUS VIDUUS, u. sp. ^ 9 14-15 mm. Head and thorax fuscous with some whitish scales. Palpi fuscous, apex of joints white. Abdomen ochreous-grey, with lateral row of white spots. Forewings cleft to middle, segments slender ; fuscous irrorated with darker ; a blackish dot in disc at \, and two transversely placed at base of cleft ; narrow irregular white transverse bars on both segments at \ and f of their length : cilia grey mixed with blackish towards base, with white spots on margins of markings and above and below apex of each segment, on dorsum with blackish scale-projections between these, torual white patch largest. Hindwings dark fuscous, third segment grey irrorated with dark fuscous ; cilia fuscous, on dorsum with a rather small blackish scale- projection at f and a few white scales before this. CAPE COLONY, Hottentots Holland Mts., 4000 ft., Caledou (H. K. Barnard) ; two specimens. 1 2 Annals of the 8outh African Museum. GEN. PTEROPHORUS Geoffr. PTEROPHOETJS ILLUTUS, n. sp. $ . 21 mm. Head and thorax whity- brownish, face infuscated. Palpi slender, fuscous. Abdomen pale brownish, dorsally suffused with whitish towards base. Forewings with first segment narrow, pointed, second nearly equal, termen extremely oblique, sinuate ; pale brownish-ochreous, sprinkled with dark fuscous towards costa and dorsum as far as cleft ; a dark fuscous dot in disc at ^ ; an oblique mark of dark fuscous suffusion on base of cleft, edged with some whitish suffusion on edge of cleft ; a dark fuscous mark on costal edge beyond base of cleft, preceded and followed by whitish suffusion on costal edge ; a dark fuscous dot on costa midway between this and apex, and one close beneath apex ; a streak of dark brown suffusion irrorated with blackish running through middle of second segment and expanded along termen : cilia fuscous, becoming pale greyish-ochreous externally on termen. Hindwiugs and cilia dai'k grey. NATAL, Durban, in March (W. H. Bell-Marley) ; one specimen. TORTRICIDAE. GEN. EPICHORISTA Meyr. EPICHORISTA NIPHOSEMA, n. sp. $ . 15-16 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax rather dark fuscous, some- what mixed with white. Auteunal ciliatious 1. Abdomen dark grey, anal tuft white. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly rounded, oblique ; rather dark fuscous ; markings formed by undefined irregular white suffusion, viz. some cloudy marbling towards costa on basal third, a fascia from before middle of costa to middle of dorsum, furcate dorsally, and a less-marked fascia from f of costa to tornus : cilia white, with a fuscous subbasal line. Hiudwings white, sprinkled with grey in disc, towards costa, and along terminal edge, and suffused with dark grey towards apex ; cilia snow-white. CAPE COLONY, Hottentots Holland Mts., 4000 ft., Caledon (Barnard) ; two specimens. EUCOSMIDAE. GEN. SPILONOTA Steph. SPILONOTA SINTJOSA, n. sp. $ . 17-18 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax fuscous. Abdomen grey. Descriptions of South African Micro- Lepidoptera. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, posteriorly slightly dilated, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight, oblique; light brown ; costal edge dotted with fuscous and dark fuscous, with four small fuscous spots on posterior half ; dorsal area irregularly clouded with fuscous and mixed with dark fuscous, appearing to form very undefined darker blotches towards middle and before tornus ; a bisiuuate black streak from middle of disc to apex, thickest beyond its middle, with a slender branch running from the thickening to termen below middle : cilia grey mixed with darker and sprinkled with whitish points. Hindwiugs and cilia grey. NATAL, Durban (Marley) ; two specimens. I am now disposed to think that I was wrong in referring any African examples to ejectana, and that they may perhaps have been the present or an allied species. GELECHIADAE. GEN. GELECHIA Zell. GELECHIA TRISCELIS, n. sp. 9. 17 mm. Head white. Palpi white, base of second joint and two bands of terminal joint black. Thorax white, shoulders and a narrow dorsal stripe widely furcate posteriorly black. Abdomen whitish. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; white ; markings black ; a small mark on base of costa ; an oblique triangular spot beyond this, its apex just touching anterior angle of a trapezoidal blotch on dorsum before middle ; a semioval spot on costa before middle ; an elongate spot in disc beyond middle, with a dot beneath its anterior extremity ; a spot on costa at f , and a small spot on tornus opposite ; small spots in middle of termeu and on costa before apex: cilia grey (imperfect). Hindwings and cilia grey. NATAL, Durban, in April (Marley) ; one specimen. Singularly distinct and conspicuous. GELECHIA SARCOGRAPHA, n. sp. ($. 16 mm. Head ochreous-whitish. Palpi ochreous-whitish, extreme base of second joint dark fuscous, anterior edge of terminal joint dark fuscous except towards base. Thorax dark grey, with a broad whitish-ochreous dorsal stripe edged on sides with black. Abdomen grey. Forewiugs elongate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse- pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; dark grey, somewhat mixed 4 Annals of the South African Museum. with pinkish towards costa ; a broad blackish streak from base of dorsum to fold at ~ of wing, marked anteriorly with a pale ochreous dot, and cut posteriorly by an oblique pale ochreous mark which is continued by a similar dull rosy-pink mark to costa at 4 : cilia grey sprinkled with blackish towards base. Hindwiugs rather dark grey ; cilia grey. CAPE COLONY, Dunbrody, in March (Fath. A. Vogt) ; one specimen. GEN. PAEAPSECTEIS Meyr. PARAPSECTRIS ANXIA, n. sp. . 13mm. Head and thorax whitish-ochreous. Palpi white, basal half of second joint dark fuscous, terminal joint as long as second. Abdomen grey, two basal segments whitish-ochreous. Forewings elongate- lanceolate, acute ; whitish-ochreous; costal and terminal edge finely irrorated with black : cilia grey suffused with whitish-ochreous towards base and sprinkled with black specks. Hind wings grey, darker posteriorly ; cilia grey. CAPE COLONY, Prince Albert, in December (S. H. Haughtou) ; one specimen. GEN. POLYHYMNO Chamb. POLYHYMNO MULTIFIDA, n. Sp. 9 . 9 mm. Head ochreous-whitish. Palpi ochreous-whitish, second joint marked above with blackish towards base, terminal joint with anterior edge blackish. Thorax dark fuscous with three ochreous- white dorsal stripes and two others on patagia, central one narrowest. Abdomen grey, beneath white. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa slightly arched, apex produced, pointed, termen concave, very oblique ; dark fuscous ; markings ochreous-white ; a fine streak along costa from base to middle, thence running very obliquely to near middle of termen, posteriorly receiving at acute angles two oblique streaks (first postmediau) from above fold ; streaks from base just above and below fold, upper posteriorly finely bifid, its lower branch finely connected with postmedian streak, lower shorter ; a slender subdorsal streak from base to an oblique thick streak which almost touches base of postmediau streak, thence running along fold to termeu ; a slender dorsal streak throughout ; a fine acute oblique streak from | of costa to just by apex of preceding costal streak ; apical prominence suffused with ochreous : cilia white, on costa with three oblique dark fuscous lines, beneath apex with a black basal dot. Hiudwiugs grey ; cilia light grey. ZULULAND, Mfongosi (W. E. Jones) ; one specimen. Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 5 GEN. DICHOMEEIS Hiibu. DlCHOMERIS AULOTOMA, 11. Sp. c. 20 mm. Head whitish, face and centre of crown tinged with fuscous. Palpi white, second joint with long dense tuft beneath and rough projecting scales towards apex above, dark fuscous except along apical edge, terminal joint with anterior edge dark fuscous. Antennal ciliatious 1. Thorax white, patagia fuscous. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched, faintly sinuate towards middle, apex pointed, termen faintly sinuate, very oblicpue ; rather dark fuscous ; a white streak along costa from base nearly to ^, and a subcostal streak from beyond extremity of this to costa before apex ; a white subdorsal streak rising from base of dorsum and running to termen beneath apex, posteriorly somewhat ragged : cilia fuscous, white on extremity of both streaks and towards base on lower part of termen. Hindwiugs and cilia grey. CAPE COLONY, Capetown, Roudebosch ; one specimen, dated Novem- ber, 1868. This interesting and very distinct species is nearly allied to the European marginetta. OECOPHORIDAE. PICKOGENES, n. g. Head with appressed scales, sidetufts small ; ocelli present ; tongue developed. Antennae |, in moderately ciliated and also clothed with pubescence above, basal joint moderate, with pecten. Labial palpi long, curved, ascending, second joint reaching base of antennae, thickened with appressed scales, rough towards apex beneath, terminal joint much shorter than second, thickened with scales, somewhat loose anteriorly, pointed. Maxillary palpi very short. Posterior tibiae clothed with long hairs above. Forewings with 2 and 3 approximated from angle, 4 absent, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to termen, 11 from middle. Hindwings 1, elongate-ovate, cilia 1 ; 3 and 4 stalked, 5 rather approximated to 6, 6 and 7 parallel. Near Heterozyga. PlCROGENES BACTROSPILA, n. Sp. $ . 15mm. Head, palpi, thorax, and abdomen jwhitish-ochreous. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa moderately arched, apex 6 Annals of the South African Museum. pointed, termen extremely obliquely rounded ; whitish-ochreous, with a few scattered dark fuscous scales, costal -f suffused with fuscous ; stigmata black, plical rather beyond first discal, second discal repre- sented by a short fine longitudinal line : cilia whitish-ochreous. Hind- wings grey-whitish ; cilia ochreous-whitish. CAPE COLONY, Cape Town, in December (Dr. L. Peringuey) ; one specimen. DOXOMEKES, n. g. Head with appressed scales, sidetufts somewhat raised; ocelli pre- sent ; tongue short. Antennae (broken) in rather shortly ciliated, basal joint moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi long, recurved, second joint reaching base of antennae, thickened with appressed scales, somewhat rough beneath, terminal joint much shorter than second, roughened with scales anteriorly, acute. Maxillary palpi very short. Forewings with \b furcate, 2 and 3 stalked from angle, 7 absent, 11 from middle. Hindwiugs 1, elongate-ovate, cilia f ; 3 and 4 connate, 5 parallel to 4, rather widely remote from 6 towards base, 6 and 7 nearly parallel. Perhaps allied to Elaeonoma. DOXOMERES DIAXANTHA, n. Sp. c?. 13 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax yellow-ochreous, tip of palpi dark fuscous. Antennal ciliations f. Abdomen whitish-ochreous. Forewiugs elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termeu obliquely rounded ; yellow-ochreous : cilia concolorous. Hind- wings and cilia whitish-ochreous. TRANSVAAL, Lydenburg, in January (Kroeger) ; one specimen. GEN. CBYPTOLECHIA Zell. CRYPTOLECHIA TETRASTICTA, n. sp. . 18 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax pale ochreous, terminal joint of palpi shorter than second. Forewings elongate, costa moderately arched, apex pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; pale ochreous ; stigmata black, plical rather beyond first discal, an additional dot mid- way between second discal and tornal margin ; a few dark fuscous specks on costal margin towards apex : cilia pale ochreous. Hindwings rather pointed, whitish-ochreous ; cilia whitish-ochreous. NATAL, " Durban," in September (Marley) ; one specimen. Desertions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 7 CRYPTOLECHIA XANTHOSARCA, n. sp. c?. 27mm. Head grey, face centrally suffused with whitish, hairs of crown forming two projecting tufts between antennae. Palpi rosy, upper part of second joint, and terminal joint except apex suffused with grey. Thorax grey, slightly crimson-tinged. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, moderate, posteriorly dilated, costa moderately arched, apex obtuse, termen rounded, rather oblique ; light dull crimson-purplish, costal edge suffused with light crimson ; an irregular suffused light yellowish patch extending along dorsum from near base to about |, and reaching about |- across wing, ground colour darker above this ; discal stigmata represented by faint darker suffusion, plical by a small suffused pale dull crimson spot within the yellow patch : cilia light dull crimson. Hiudwings dark grey ; cilia grey. TRANSVAAL, Johannesburg, in February (Feltham) ; one specimen. Allied to roseofiavida, but much larger, duller, and less distinctly marked. AEEOCOSMA, n. g. Head smooth ; ocelli present ; tongue developed. Antennae f, in < simple, basal joint very elongate, without pecten. Labial palpi mode- rate, curved, ascending, second joint hardly reaching base of antennae, with appressed scales, slightly rough beneath, terminal joint half second, scaled, acute. Maxillary palpi rudimentary. Posterior tibiae clothed with hairs above. Forewings with 2 from near angle, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to costa, 11 from before middle. Hindwiugs under 1, ovate- lanceolate, cilia over 1 ; 3 and 4 connate, 5-7 nearly parallel ; in $ with long dense subcostal hairpeucil from base covered by forewings. Allied to Diocosma. AREOCOSMA ORSOBELA, n. sp. <$ . 13 mm. Head and palpi ochreous-whitish. Thorax whitish- ochreous, faintly rosy-tinged, with central and lateral stripes tinged with grey. Abdomen grey-whitish. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa moderately arched, apex acute, termen faintly sinuate, extremely oblique ; rather dark brownish-grey ; a rather broad straight whitish-ochreous median streak partially tinged with rosy from base to apex, with a fine black dash on its upper margin at f (probably representing first discal stigma) ; a whitish-ochreous line suffused with pale rosy along basal third of dorsum ; some whitish-ochreous suffusion, slightly rosy-tinged, extending along dorsum from beyond middle to toruus : cilia greyish, mixed with dark fuscous towards Annals of the Sovith African Museum. base, at apex with whitish-ochreous bar. Hindwiugs whitish, round margin of cell especially towards middle of winy irregularly sprinkled with dark grey ; subcostal hairpencil whitish-ochreous ; cilia ochreous- whitish. Forewings beneath with an irregular whitish-ochreous patch extending over cell, surrounded with dark grey suffusion. CAPE COLONY, Hottentots Holland Mts., 4000 ft., Caledon (Barnard) ; one specimen. GEN. DIOCOSMA Meyr. DlOCOSMA MOLYBDELA, 11. sp. c?. 14mm. Head ochreous-white. Palpi white, anteriorly suffused with rose-pink, second joint rough-scaled beneath towards apex. Thorax ochreous-white with two minute rose-pink dots on anterior edge, and a slender fuscous bar before posterior extremity. Abdomen ochreous-whitish. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex tolerably pointed, termen rounded, rather strongly oblique ; pale whitish-yellowish ; costal edge rose-pink ; a dark ferruginous-fuscous line from i of costa to dorsum near base, followed on dorsal half by a triangular patch of three suffused white spots, beyond which is a spot of fuscous suffusion on dorsum ; costal area from ^ to f suffused with fuscous, marked with eight blue-leaden-metallic dots arranged in two rows, lower margined with scattered black scales ; within this a pale yellowish triangular spot on middle of costa, its edges marked by slender brown lines extended to dorsum and enclosing a triangular space suffused with white, preceded by two leaden-metallic dots edged with some black scales, lower one raised, and followed by one dot in disc and a white patch beneath this ; apical area beyond this forming a pale yellow patch with a dark brown streak running round costa and termen, marked on termen with several blue-leaden-metallic partially connected dots : cilia pale yellow, on costa rose-pink suffused with leaden-grey towards base, on termen dark rosy-grey at base, towards tornus pale rosy-grey. Hiudwmgs ochreous-whitish ; cilia whitish- yellowish. CAPE COLONY, Dunbrody, in January (Fath. A. Vogt) ; one specimen. GEN. THTE STARCH A Meyr. THYESTABCHA ACROGYPSA, n. sp. c. 12mm. Head whitish. Palp^whitish-ochreous, terminal joint half second. Thorax whitish-ochreous, shoulders with a reddish- ochreous spot. Abdomen ochreous-whitish. Forewings elongate, Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. rather narrow, costa anteriorly moderately, posteriorly slightly arched, apex pointed, termen faintly sinuate, very oblique; glossy light ochreous, suffused with deep reddish-ochreous on costal half and towards termeu ; extreme costal edge white towards middle : cilia ochreous-yellowish, above apex reddish-tinged. Hindwiugs and cilia whitish-ochreous ; a long ochreous-whitish hairpencil lying along costa beneath forewings. CAPE COLONY, Laingsburg, in July (R. M. Lightfoot) ; one specimen. XYLORYCTIDAE. GEN. EPIMACTIS Meyr. EPIMACTIS SANDYCOPA, u. sp. 9 . 19 mm. Head white. Palpi whitish tinged with crimson, espe- cially on terminal joint. Thorax white with faint rosy tinge. Abdomen whitish. Forewings elongate, moderate, costa moderately arched, apex rounded-obtuse, termen rounded, little oblique ; 3 and 4 stalked ; whitish-grey-ochreous tinged with rosy ; costal edge pale crimson ; a slender light rosy-fuscous streak along basal fourth of dorsum ; first discal stigma minute, dark fuscous ; an irregular rosy-brownish fascia from costa beyond middle to dorsum before tornus, attenuated and anteriorly indented in middle, undefined posteriorly and followed by some scattered rosy and fuscous scales ; a narrow rosy-brownish fascia round apical portion of costa and upper part of termen, broadest at apex and attenuated to extremities: cilia white, with a few rosy- fuscous scales at base. Hiudwiugs and cilia whitish. NATAL, Durban, in December (Leigh) ; one specimen. COPROMORPHIDAE. GEN. COPROMORPHA Meyr. COPROMORPHA AERUGINEA, n. Sp. . 17 mm. Head whitish-ochreous, forehead with a bar of dark fuscous irroration. Palpi whitish-ochreous irregularly irrorated with blackish. Thorax whitish-ochreous, spotted on shoulders and posteriorly with dark fuscous. Abdomen dark grey, basal segment whitish- ochreous. Forewings elongate, posteriorly dilated, costa anteriorly gently, posteriorly moderately arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly 10 Annals of the South African Museum. rounded, rather oblique ; dark fuscous, mixed with prismatic and coppery-metallic scales ; various small irregular obscure pale ochreous spots raised posteriorly, viz. two oblique series of three each towards base, one beneath middle of costa, two transverse series of three or four each beyond this, an irregular striga from tornus reaching half across wing and a rather oblique one from costa opposite, these two last and an apical mark tinged with ferruginous-orange ; a pearly-whitish longitudinal streak from middle of disc to upper part of tornal striga interrupted by these spots ; an irregular whitish streak preceding lower part of costal striga and continued by some dots towards tornus : cilia fuscous (imperfect). Hindwiugs rather dark fuscous ; cilia pale fuscous, with darker subbasal shade. NATAL, Durban, in April (Marley) ; one specimen. GLYPHIPTERYGIDAE. GEN. GLYPHIPTEBYX Hiibn. GLYPHIPTERYX IDIOMORPHA, n. sp. <^. 15mm. Head and thorax dark purplish-fuscous. Palpi blackish, second joint with two and terminal joint with one whorl of very finely white-tipped scales, terminal joint white posteriorly towards apex. Abdomen dark grey. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termeu almost straight, oblique ; dark purplish-fuscous ; mark- ings whitish ; a straight narrow slightly oblique fascia before middle, and another at -f, its posterior edge prominent in middle ; a transverse mark from costa before apex ; a short longitudinal mark towards termen in middle ; a streak along termen throughout, narrowly inter- rupted in middle : cilia ochreous-whitish, with two dark fuscous lines. Hindwings and cilia rather dark grey. CAPE COLONY, Hottentots Holland Mts., 4000 ft., Caledon (Barnard) ; one specimen. A quite peculiar species. SCYTHRIDAE. GEN. SCYTHRIS Hiibn. SCYTHRIS ERUDITA, n. Sp. <$ . 13 mm. Head yellowish-bronzy. Palpi whitish. Thorax whitish-ochreous. Abdomen ochreous-whitish, segments laterally Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 11 marked with black at base, anal tuft ochreous- yellowish. Forewings elongate-lanceolate, acute ; glossy whitish-ochreous ; plical and second discal stigmata black : cilia whitish-ochreous. Hindwings with 4 and 5 stalked ; light grey ; cilia light greyish-ochreous. EHODESIA, Bulawayo (H. C. Pead) ; one specimen. Allied to melanopleura. HYPONOMEUTIDAB. MOROTRIPTA, n. g. Head shortly rough-scaled ; ocelli present ; tongue rudimentary. Antennae (broken) in <$ simple, basal joint moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi rather long, curved, subascending, second joint thickened with dense scales, dilated beneath and forming a short apical projec- tion, terminal joint hardly half second, somewhat thickened with scales, pointed. Maxillary palpi obsolete. Posterior tibiae with appressed scales. Forewings with 16 furcate, 2 and 3 stalked from angle, 7 to termen, 11 from middle. Hiudwings 1, narrowly elongate- ovate, cilia over 1 ; 3 and 4 approximated from angle of cell, 5 rather curved, parallel to 4, transverse vein very oblique inwards from 5 to 6, 6 and 7 long-stalked. Possibly related to Gymnogramma, though dissimilar in appearance. MOROTRIPTA FATIGATA, u. sp. $ . 12 mm. Head and thorax light grey suffused with white. Palpi grey, terminal joint white. Abdomen whitish-grey. Forewings elon- gate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen very obliquely rounded ; fuscous, suffusedly irrorated with white ; stigmata large, cloudy, darker fuscous, plical obliquely beyond first discal : cilia light fuscous mixed with whitish. Hindwiugs and cilia light grey. RHODESIA, Bulawayo (H. C. Pead) ; one specimen. ZYGOGRAPHA, n. g. Head shortly rough-haired; tongue short. Antennae |> in J shortly ciliated, basal joint moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi moderate, porrected, loosely scaled, terminal joint shorter than second, hardly pointed. Maxillary palpi obsolete. Posterior tibiae with appressed scales. Forewiugs with 2 from angle, 7 to termeu, 11 from middle, secondary cell defined. Hiudwings 1, elongate-ovate, cilia f ; 2-7 separate, 5 and 6 somewhat approximated towards base. 12 Annals of the South African Museum. ZYGOGRAPHA ASAPHOCHALCA, n. sp. ^ . 15 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax dark fuscous, finely speckled with whitish, appearing grey. Abdomen whitish-grey. Forewings elongate, costa moderately arched, apex tolerably pointed, termeu faintly sinuate, rather strongly oblique ; light violet-grey sprinkled with dark fuscous ; markings suffused, light brassy-ochreous-yellowish ; blotches on basal fifth of costa and dorsum, latter confluent with a curved transverse fascia at |, not reaching costa ; some indistinct suffusion towards dorsum beyond middle, and a spot on tornus ; trans- verse blotches in disc at f and towards termen ; a median streak of white suffusion from base, interrupted by the yellowish markings but becoming broader and more distinct posteriorly, where it forms irregular white patches between them : cilia grey mixed with white (imperfect). Hindwings and cilia grey. CAPE COLONY, Hottentots Holland Mts., 4000 ft,, Caledon (Barnard) ; one specimen. GRACILARIADAE. GEN. ACROCEECOPS Wallgr. AcROCERCOPS PRAEGEMINA, n. sp. (J . 8 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax white, patagia fuscous. Abdo- men light grey. Forewings very narrowly lanceolate, long-pointed ; fuscous, towards apex and along termen suffused with brownish - ochreous ; three triangular white dorsal blotches edged with a few black scales, first two reaching more than half across wing, first at * of wing, slenderly produced along dorsum to base, connected with costa by a slender bar, second median, third smaller, tornal ; three white black-edged costal dots, first between first two dorsal blotches, second opposite median blotch, third rather before tornal ; a fine rather oblique white black-edged line at | of wing ; a white apical spot partly in costal cilia, edged with black and cut transversely by a black strigula : cilia otherwise grey, with a white spot on terminal extremity of anteapical line. Hindwings grey ; cilia light grey. CAPE COLONY, Capetown, in May (Lightfoot) ; one specimen. Descriptions of South African, Micro-Lepidoptera. 13 LYONETIADAE. GEN. HIEROXESTIS Meyr. HlEROXBSTIS INDISCRETA, U. Sp. $. 18-19 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax bronzy-ochreous. Abdomen light greyish-ochreous. Forewiugs narrow-lanceolate, apex produced, acute ; bronzy-ochreous : cilia pale ochreous. Hiudwings brassy- whitish-ochreous, more whitish towards base ; cilia whitish-ochreous. CAPE COLONY, Capetown, in January ; two specimens. NEPTICULIDAE. GEN. NEPTICULA Heyd. NEPTICULA PORPHYEEUTA, u. sp. 4mm. Head orange-yellow, collar white. Antennae dark grey, eyecaps white. Thorax shining purplish-grey. Abdomen dark grey. Forewings lanceolate ; light shining bronzy-grey mixed with purplish ; a narrow slightly oblique silvery white fascia at ; apical area beyond this wholly deep purple : cilia dark grey, round apex suffused with deep purple on basal half, with a silvery-white basal dot on dorsal extremity of fascia. Hindwiugs and cilia dark grey. NATAL, Durban (Marley) ; two specimens. TINEIDAE. GEN. TINEA Liu. TINEA OBNOXIA, n. sp. ^ . 22mm. Head whitish-ochreous. (Labial palpi broken.) An- tennae dark fuscous. Thorax dark purplish-fuscous. Abdomen fuscous. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termeu rounded, rather strongly oblique ; dark purplish- fuscous : cilia rather lighter. Hiudwings rather dark purplish-bron/ y- fuscous ; cilia greyish, whitish-tinged towards tips. CAPE COLONY, Dunbrody, in March (Fath. A. Vogt) ; one specimen. Allied to oenopis, but larger, and at once distinguished by the dark antennae. 14 Annals of the South African Museum. EPALEUEA, n. g. Head with short loosely appressed hairs, rather rough on crown ; ocelli present ; tongue absent. Antennae f , in J moderately ciliated, basal joint moderate, with rough pecteu of scales. Labial palpi short, porrected, loosely scaled, terminal joint shorter than second, obtuse. Maxillary palpi absent. Posterior tibiae with appressed scales. Fore- wings with U furcate, 2 from angle, 4 and 5 connate, 7 absent, 11 from before middle. Hiudwings 1, elongate-ovate, cilia |-; 3 absent, 4 and 5 rather approximated, 6 and 7 rather approximated. Allied to Sapheneutis. EPALEUKA SALARIA, n. sp. J. 16mm. Head white. Palpi grey, mixed with whitish. Thorax grey sprinkled with white. Abdomen whitish-grey. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen obliquely rounded ; light ochreous-grey suffusedly irrorated with white : cilia similarly coloured. Hiudwiugs whitish-grey ; cilia ochreous-whitish. CAPE COLONY, King William's Town (Lightfoot) ; one specimen. CATHALISTIS, n. g. Head clothed with rough projecting hairs ; tongue short. An- tennae |, in c? pubescent-ciliated, basal joint short, without pecten. Labial palpi moderate, straight, porrected, loosely scaled, terminal joint shorter than second, tolerably pointed. Maxillary palpi moderate, filiform, folded. Posterior tibiae clothed with rough hairs above. Forewings with Ib furcate, 2 from angle, 7 to termen, 11 from J. Hiudwings 1, elongate-ovate, cilia f ; 2 widely remote, 3 from angle, 3-7 tolerably remote, 3 and 4 as branches of lower parting-vein, transverse vein inwardly oblique from 5 to 7. CATHALISTIS ORINEPHELA, n. sp. ii.l<>^ti -ra, for although it is without doubt a terminal development from the Micropterygidae, the gap between them is considerable ; exotic genera, whilst differing in various details, are remarkably uniform in the more important peculiarities of structure, and do not at all tend to bridge the gap " (' Handbook of British Lepidoptera,' p. 798). This has remained true up to the present, so far as I am aware. The insect here described, however, does in my judgment stand almost exactly midway in the gap, inclining in some respects to one family and in some to the other, and showing, more- over, some leaning towards the early African forms of true Tineidae, which not improbably marks a real genetic connection ; it is therefore 2 18 Annals of the South African Museum. of extreme interest, and encourages the hope that further links may be discovered in the mountains of the most southerly region. Search should be made for such forms (which may perhaps be of Tricho- pterous appearance), especially in winter or early spring, at elevations of 3-5000 ft., and amongst vegetation of primitive types, particularly Conifers. PEOTOTHEOEA, n. g. Head with very short rough scales, sidetufts longer, spreading, face short (so that palpi originate unusually near antennae) ; ocelli small ; tongue rudimentary, consisting of two very short curved diverging filaments. Antennae under 3, thick towards base, tapering, flattened, moderately and evenly ciliated (^) on both edges. Labial palpi moderate, porrected, somewhat drooping, clothed with dense loosely appressed scales attenuated to a point at apex, joints concealed. Maxillary palpi obsolete. Thorax with large rough erect tuft at posterior extremity, patagia very short, forming small erect tufts just behind shoulders. Abdomen rather slender, in /$ with rather thick anal tuft and strong curved double diverging uncus, claspers slender, terminating in long fine upcurved hooks. Legs rather long, slender, middle tibiae with two short apical spurs, posterior tibiae thinly haired above, with median and apical pairs of short spurs. Forewings with dorsum and termen nearly evenly curved, but tornus slightly marked, dorsal margin ciliated like termen to near base, with strong membranous prominence at base (jugum) ; Ifc basally long-furcate, Ic distinct, 2 from angle of cell, '2-6 parallel, transverse vein augulated outwards on 3 and inwards between 3 and 4, forked internal vein rising out of lower margin of cell at g , lower fork running to angle between 3 and 4, upper nearly to 5, 7 and 8 rather shortly stalked, 8 to termen, 9 and 10 long-stalked, 9 to just above apex, 11 from about middle of cell, 12 from cell near base, running to f of costa, connected with costa by bar near base and emitting a short oblique additional vein (13) to costa about middle of wing. Hiudwiugs 1, narrowly elongate-ovate, cilia |, costa near base with a broad flat tuft of long stiff obliquely projecting hairs resting in notch formed by jugum of forewings ; ueuratiou nearly as in forewings, but 15 obsolete, la and Ic distinct, transverse vein slightly augulated inward on 4, outward on 5, inward between 5 and 6, internal vein rising from base of wing, lower branch running to 4, upper to angle between 5 and 6, 12 without median branch. Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 19 PROTOTHEORA PETROSEMA, n. sp. cf . 18-25 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax dark fuscous finely irrorated with white. Abdomen grey, segmental margins whitish. Forewings narrow-elongate, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse, termeu very obliquely rounded ; rather light fuscous ; costal edge dark fuscous, with three or four small indistinct spots ; a very irregular thick white median streak from base with two irregular prominences above alter- nating with two beneath, posteriorly dilated and running to costa before apex, where it encloses two small spots of ground colour, edged with dark fuscous in disc and posteriorly, or sometimes wholly suffused and obliterated with dark fuscous, remainder of wing sometimes obscurely marbled with whitish irroratiou : cilia greyish, with two broad darker shades sprinkled with dark fuscous. Hiudwiugs grey ; cilia pale greyish, sometimes with two broad darker shades. CAPE COLONY, Capetown, in May (Lightfoot) ; Hottentots Holland Mts. 4000 ft., Caledon (Barnard) ; five specimens. Seemingly very variable in colouring. (20) INDEX. PAGE PAGE A G Acrocercops . acrogypsa (Thyestarcha) ADEL1DAE . aeruginea (Copromorpha) Amydria anxia (Parapsectris) . 12 . 8 . 17 9 . 16 Gelechia GELECHIADAE . GLYPHIPTEEYGIDAE . Glyphipteryx GEACILAEIADAE . . 3 . 3 . 10 . 10 . 12 Areocosma . 7 asaphochalca (Zygographa) . . 12 H aulotoma (Dichomeris) 5 Hieroxestis . 13 HYPONOME UTIDAE . 11 B bactrospila (Picrogenes) . 5 I C idiomorpha (Glyphipteryx) . . 10 14 illutus (Pterophorus) . 2 Ceromitia . 17 indigena (Melasina) . 15 concinerata (Paraptica) . 15. iudiscreta (Hieroxestis) . 13 Copromorpha . 9 COPEOMOEPHIDAE . . 9 L Cryptolechia . . 6 LAMPEONIADAE . 16 D leucozona (Sindonophora) . . 16 LYONETIADAE . . 13 diaxantha (Doxomeres) 6 Dichomeris . . 5 M Diocosma . 8 Doxomeres . 6 Melasina . 15 mitrata (Ceromitia) . 17 E molybdela (Diocosma) . 8 EPALEUEA . 14 Morotripta . 11 Epichorista .... 2 multifida (Polyhymno) 4 Epimactis . 9 Erudita (Scythris) . 10 N EUCOSMIDAE . 2 Nepticula . 13 F NEPTICUL1DAE . 13 fn.tio-a/ha CMorotriDta^ . 11 niphosema (Epichorista) . 2 Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 21 PAGE o obnoxia (Tinea) . . . .13 OECOPHOEIDAE . 5 orinephela (Cathalistis) . . 14 orsobela (Areocosma) ... 7 Parapsectris ... 4 Paraptica 15 peloplaca (Amydria) . . .16 petrosema (Prototheora) . . 19 Picrogenes ..... 5 Polyhymno 4 porphyreuta (Nepticula) . . 13 praegemina (Acrocercops) . . 12 PEOTOTHEOEIDAE ... 17 Prototheora . . . . .18 PTEEOPHORIDAE . . 1 Pterophorus . . . .2 S salaria (Epaleura) . . ,14 sandycopa (Epimactis) . . 9 sarcographa (Gelechia) . . 3 PAGE SCYTHEIDAE . Scythris .... Sindonophora sinuosa (Spilonota) Spilonota .... . 10 . 10 . 16 . 2 . 2 T tetrasticta (Cryptolechia) . Thyestarcha .... Tinea TINEIDAE .... . 6 . 8 . 13 13 TOETEICIDAE . 2 Trichoptilus .... triscelis (Gelechia) . 1 . 3 V viduus (Trichoptilus) . . 1 X xanthosarca (Cryptolechia) . XYLOEYCTIDAE . 7 9 Zygographa 11 (23) 2. Smith African Crustacea (Part IX. of S.A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). By the Rev. THOMAS R. R. STEBBING, M.A., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.Z.S., Fellow of King's College, London, Hon. Memb. of New Zealand lust., Hon. Fellow Worcester College, Oxford. (Plates I- VIII of Vol. XVII. Plates XC-XCVII of Crustacea.) OF the eighteen species here considered, sixteen belong to the Malacostraca and two to the parasitic Copepoda. Three of the plates refer to species discussed in Part VIII of these Investigations, and illustrations are offered of forms named by various authors in cases where it seemed desirable by this means either to establish the identification of the specimens concerned or to give experts a reason- able opportunity of correcting it. With regard to Philocheras megalocheir, described in Part VIII, it is right to mention that Mr. Stanley Kemp in 1912 argued that Pontoj.ihilus, Leach, and Philocheras were so connected by intermediate species that Philocheras could not properly be separated from the earlier Pontopliilus. It is interesting to remember that for a long time science was engaged in splitting up comprehensive genera such as Cancer into an endless number of subdivisions. Now, with the discovery of links and gradations, there is a natural tendency to reunite the severed parts. 24 Annals of the South African Museum. ' MALACOSTRACA. Brachyura. TRIBE OXYRRHYNCHA. FAMILY INACHIDAE. GEN. ACHAEOPSIS, Stimpson. 1857. Acliaeopsis, Stimpson, Pr. Ac, Sci. Philad., vol. 9, p. 219. 1873. Dorynchvs, Norman Wyville- Thorn son, Depths of the Sea, p. 174, fig. 34. 1880. Lispognatlms, A. Milne-Edwards, Crust, reg. Mexicaine, p. 349. 1893. Aclineopsis, Ortmann, Zool. Jahrb., vol. 7, p. 36. 1910. Acliaeopsis and Dorynchus, Stebbing, in these Annals, vol. 6, pt. 4, p. 285. 1911. Achat'<>i>#ix, Eathbun, Tr. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 14, pt. 2, p. 247. 1916. Eathbun, Pr. U.S. Mus., vol. 50, p. 535. Additional references for the united genera will be found in these Annals for 1910. A. siijierci/inrl,^, Ortmann, and the little A. suluensis, Eathbun, stem to be closely related one to the other, but well distinguished from other species by the large median spine of the carapace. ACHAEOPSIS THOMSONI (Norman). Plate XC. 1873. Dorynchus thomsoni, Norman, Depths of the Sea, p. 174, fig. 34. 1910. Stebbing, Ann. S. Afr. Mus., vol. 6, pt, 4, p. 286. 1911. Acliaeopsis thomsoni, Rathbun, Tr. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 14, pt. 2, p. 247. Among many females laden with ova and smaller males the specimen here figured was conspicuous by its chelipeds strikingly larger than in any other specimen, and with the palm very much longer than the fingers. In other respects there appeared to be no trustworthy marks of difference to justify the naming of a new species. The parallelism or divergence of the horns of the rostrum is certainly a variable character. All the specimens examined, of either sex, have the strongly curved process on the ventral surface of the rostrum South African Crustacea. 25 in front of the recesses for the first antennae. In the male the pleon is bent at the third (the widest) segment, so that the first and second segments occupy a position nearly, if not quite, at right angles with the last three segments. From the second segment nearly to the end "of the pleou "there is a raised central lobe. In the.' female this lobe begins on the first segment, which is the* narrowest, while the fifth is the broadest, the sixth also being very broad, the whole forming a capacious bowl for the ova. The male specimen here figured is about 24 mm. long by 17 mm. broad. Locality. Vasco de Grama S. 75 E., 13^, miles. Depth 166 fathoms. No. 248. Sent by Dr. Gilchrist. GEN. HYASTENUS, White. 1847. Hyastenvs, White, Proc. Zool/Soc. London, p.' 56. 1913. Caiman, Ann. Nat, Hist., ser. 8, vol. 11, p. 313. 1916. ' M. J. Rathbun, Proc. U.S. Mus., vol. 50, pp. 542-548. Dr. Caiman explains that it is Pisa aries, Latreille,|which has been referred to Hyastenus,'\not HaJimn.^ arien, Latreille (in Guerin), so that the supposed necessity for making Hyastenits a synonym of Halitnus does not arise. HTASTENUS UNCIFER, Caiman. 1909. Hyastenus uncifer, Caiman, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pp. 705, 712, pi. 72, figs. 8, 9. 1911. HaUmus uncifer, Mary J. Rathbun, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 14, pt. 2, p. 252, pi.' 20, fig. 7. Both authors lay stress on the marginal teeth of the fingers in the ambulatory legs as a distinctive feature. But Dr. de Man in his description of Hyastenus hilgendorfi (J. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 22, p. 18, 1887) says :.." The ,dactylopodites are armed with a row of acute spinules along their inner margins ; these spinules gradually increase in length towards the tip." In the specimen which I am~ referring to Caiman's species these spinules were completely concealed until] the organism was removed, which covered almost the whole of the upper surface of the body and the fingers with a close, felt-like matting. The skin when uncovered had a satiny," dull red appearance. The horns measured along the inner margin are 21 mm. long, the interval between the tips is 13 mm., and the length from 26 Annals of the South African Museum. the middle of that interval to the base is 18 mm. From that base to the foremost median spine of the carapace the length is 8 mm., and thence to the hindmost slightly procurved spine 30 mm. Between the tips of the lateral strongly projecting branchial spines the breadth is 36 mm., and between the bases of those spines 26 mm. The breadth at the obscure eyes is 10 mm. The length of the chelae (hand and finger) is 17 mm., of which the finger on the left takes 7 mm., the right finger being slightly shorter. The finger of the fifth peraeopod is 8 mm. long. The hindmost spine of the carapace is preceded at a distance of 10 mm. not by another spine or tubercle, but by a very prominent swelling. The terminal segment of the narrow tuberculate pleon of this male specimen is triangular with the tip slightly truncate. Caiman states that " the basal anteunal segment has a sharp spine at the antero-external angle." In clearing the coat of the present specimen I may have removed this spine. I cannot certify its presence. Unless the hypothesis be admitted that the relative lengths of horns and spines are subject to much varia- tion, a new species might have to be coined for the specimen here described. Locality, Umsunduzi Eiver, Pietermaritzburg. No. 228. MACRURA ANOMALA. TRIBE GALATHEIDEA. FAMILY GALATHEIDAE. GEN. GALATHEA, Fabricius. For these systematic divisions see the General Catalogue in these Annals, vol. 6, pt. 4, pp. 349, 360, 362. GALATHEA INTERMEDIA, Liljeborg. 1851. Galatheaintermedia, Liljeborg, Ofvers.Vet. Akad. Forhandl.,p. 21. 1888. , Bonnier, Contrib. Faune Marine de Wime- reux, p. 44. 1894. A. M.-Edwards et Bouvier, Camp. Sci. Monaco, Fasc. 7, pt. 1, pp. 79, 81, pi. 8, figs. 1-10. 1900. A. M.-Edwards et Bouvier, Crust. Decap. Travailleur et Talisman, p. 277. South African Crustacea. 27 The late Monsieur Jules Bonnier has given (loc. cit.) an elabo- rate bibliography of this small species. The specimen which I now assign to it was without the first and second peraeopods, and the third and fourth, though present on one side, were only in a state of recuperation. It was otherwise in good condition and probably adult, the carapace being 8 mm. long, therefore near to the size of 9 mm., which Bonnier gives as its measure- ment in an adult male. There are some slight differences in detail. Behind the rostral region on the median line of the carapace Bonnier gives only a couple of spinules placed trans- versely. In the African specimen there are four. The eyes are rather stouter. In the first antennae the two sharp prolonga- tions of the characteristic basal joint have each below the apex a long spine which reaches well beyond the apex of the prolonga- tion, in place of the seta which in Bonnier's figure does not reach the apex. Bonnier finds the telson divided into two symmetrical halves by the distal groove. The African specimen shows a slight inequality in the two lobes. These small variations, apart from possible differences in the missing peraeopods, can have no specific importance, since the mouth-organs as well as the size and superficial details all conform to the northern standard. Locality. Seal Island, W.S.W. (Mossel Bay). No. 238. MACRURA GENUINA. TEIBE THALASSINIDEA. FAMILY AXIIDAE. GEN. CALOCAEIS, Bell. CALOCARIS ALCOCKI, McArdle. Plate XCI. (The discussion of this species appeared last year (1915) in these Annals, vol. 15, pt. 2, p. 59.) TRIBE ERYONIDEA. (See General Catalogue of S.A. Crustacea, p. 377.) FAMILY ERYONIDAE. 1910. Eryonidae, Stebbing, Ann. S.A. Mus., vol. 6, pt. 4, p. 377. 1914. Selbie, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., pt. 1, p. 8. 1916. de Man, Siboga Exp., vol. 39a, p. 1. 28 Annals of the South African Museum. Dr. de Man now assigns to this family the genera Polycheles, Heller, 18G2, Willemoesia, Grote, 1873, Eryoneicvs, Bate, 1882, Stereomasfis, Bate, 1888, and gives lists of all the species to be apportioned to these genera respectively. He considers that Alcock was right in distinguishing the two groups which he named Polycheles and Pentacheles, but that his Polycheles should properly be identified with Bate's Stereomastis and that Pentacheles, Bate, 1878, should lapse as a synonym of Heller's Polycheles. GEN. POLYCHELES, Heller. 1862. Polycheles, Heller, Sitz. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 45, p. 389. 1912. (part), Kemp and Sewell, Kecords Indian Mus., vol. 7, pt. 1, no. 2, p. 23. 1914. Selbie, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., pt. 1, p. 9. 1916. de Man, Siboga Exp., vol. 39cr, p. 1. As characters for the genus Dr. de Man proposes the follow- ing : The thoracic legs, except the last pair, provided with epipods, normal but varying in length ; the epipod of the third maxillipeds also of variable size, but, so far as known, rudi- mentary only in P. tanneri, Faxon ; the lateral borders of the cai'apace commonly armed with more than twenty spines, except in the small and probably juvenile form, P. obscures (Bate) ; the median dorsal cariua of the carapace usually double, granu- lated, rarely nodulated, and in most cases presenting no definite small number of spines, being often traversed by bead-like tubercles or granulations or covered with croAvded spinules ; the first abdominal terguin, finally, is probably never armed with the two small spines at and near the outer ends of the anterior border, that generally occur in the species of Stereo- mastis. POLYCHELES DEMANI, n. sp. Plate XCII. 1908. Polycheles beaimwntii (?), Stebbing, Ann. S. Afr. Mus., vol. 6, pt. 1, p. 25. 1910. (?), Stebbing, Ann. S. Afr. Mus., vol. 6, pt. 4, p. 377. In naming this species after my friend Dr. de Man I now accept the opinion expressed in his latest very valuable work, South African Crustacea. 29 in which he agrees with the late Mr. C. M. Selbie, that this form is distinct from Alcock's P. beaumontii and the P. granu- latus, Faxon. In common with Miss Rathbun, those authors regard P. beaumontii as a synonym of Faxon's species. In 1908 I gave some particulars of a male and of a female specimen, both taken in localities near to that from which the female now figured was obtained. The measurements are very similar, the length from the base of the rostral spines to apex of telson being 130 mm. ; but from the foremost lateral spine to a point parallel with the tip of the telsou the interval is 138 mm. ; greatest breadth of carapace 51 mm. ; the length of the telson detached is 26 mm. The longer fiagellum of the first antenna measured 78 mm., its companion about 22 mm. ; the fiagellum of the second antenna was 70 mm. long. The lateral teeth of the carapace form sets of 7, 4, and 20 or 21 : at the base of the rostral pair there is a small unpaired denticle ; in various parts of the surface there are small teeth some of which show a symmetrical arrangement, but for many this is doubtful, because of the short pubescence which conceals them. This dark felt puts the carapace in strong contrast with the smooth polished pleoii. Of this the first four segments have each a small forward-pointing carinal tooth, the fifth a cariual elevation, while the sixth is quite devoid of a carina. The telson has a pair of converging ridges, distant both from the base and the apex. The third maxillipeds have a well-developed, but slender, epipod. In the first peraeopocls the third joint is 24 mm. long, the fourth 43 mm., the fifth 30 mm., the sixth 50 mm., and the finger 25 mm. The denticles on the distal half of the fourth joint are in this specimen very small, successively diminishing. In the fifth peraeopods the fifth and sixth joints and the finger are longitudinally carinate, with long setae springing from the carina ; the process of the sixth joint is feebly carinate, and its tip meets that of the finger. Numerous small ova were attached to the pleopods of this specimen. Locality. Cape Point Lighthouse approx. NE. 40 miles; depth 560-700 fathoms. No. 182. GEN. STEREOMASTIS, Bate. 1888. Stereomastis, Bate, Rep. Voy. Challenger, vol. 24, pp. x, 154. 30 Annals of the South African Museum. 1901. Polycheles, Alcock (not Heller), Catal. Indian Deep-sea Crus- tacea, Macrura and Anomala, p. 166. 1902. Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 2, p. 35. 1908. (part), Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 4, p. 25. 1910. Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 5, p. 377. 1912. Kemp and Sewell, Records Indian Mus., vol. 7, pt, 1, no. 2, p. 23. 1914. ,, ,, Selbie, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., pt. 1, p. 9. 1916. Stereomastis, de Man, Siboga Exp., vol. 39a 2 , p. 1. For assigning species to this genus de Man gives the follow- ing characters : The lateral margins of the carapace are con- stantly armed with fewer than 20 spines ; the median dorsal ridge of the carapace carries a definite number of 4 to 7 spines, the outer angles of the anterior border of the first pleon seg- ment have 2 spines in all the known species except Stereomastis ceratus (Alcock), and the epipod of the third maxillipeds is rudimentary, while on the thoi'acic legs it is a membranous expansion of the base of the podobranch. Consequently the species Avhich in 1902 I called Polycheles sculptus, S. I. Smith, should now be named Stereomastis sculptus (Smith). In the general catalogue of S.A. Crustacea, p. 377, 1910, by a misprint the Museum number for this species is given as 182, instead of 152, the former number belonging to the new species of Polycheles here described. STEREOMASTIS NANUS (S. I. Smith). 1884. Pentacheles nanus, Smith, Rep. U.S. Mus., Fish. Comm. for 1882, p. 359. 1908. Polycheles nanus, Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 4, p. 27. 1916. Stereomastis nana, de Man, Siboga Exp., vol. 39a 2 , pp. 2, 4, 20 Having now examined and in part dissected a specimen little more than an inch in length, with the pleon in good condition, and the other parts fairly so, I do not hesitate to assign it to this species. But the third, fourth, and fifth pleon-segments have the large recurved carinal teeth each surmounted by a little denticle, which is not shown in figures of this species or of the very similar S. andamanensis (Alcock). Locality. Table Mountain N. 79 E., distant 40 miles. Depth 250 fathoms. No. 70. Mr. Selbie in 1914 describes and figures Polycheles nanus (Smith), var. Grimaldii, Bouvier. South African Crustacea. 31 TIUBE PENAEIDEA. FAMILY PENAEIDAE. See General Catalogue of S.A. Crustacea, p. 379, and add 1911. Penaeidae, de Man, Siboga Exp., vol. 39a, pt. 1, p. 1. 1915. Kemp, Meni. Indian Mus., vol. 5, p. 316. GEN. AMALOPENAEUS, S. I. Smith. 1882. Amalopenaeus, Smith, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 10, p. 86. 1910. Kemp, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., p. 13. For references to Gennadas, Bate, with which this genus has been by many authors considered synonymous, see Trans. E. Soc. Edinburgh, vol. 50, pt. 2, p. 282, 1914. AMALOPENAEUS ELEGANS, S. I. Smith. 1882. Amalopenaeus elegans, Smith, Bull. Mus. Conip. Zool., vol. 10, p. 87, pi. 14, figs. 8-14, pi. 15, figs. 1-5. 1908. Gennadas eleaans, Bouvier, Et's. Comp. Sci. Monaco, fasc. 33, p. 35, pi. 7. 1910. Amalopenaeus elegans, Kemp, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., p. 14, pi. 1, figs. 1-16. This attractive species has been amply illustrated by the three authors above mentioned, and also by Lo Bianco and Eiggio, whose figures I have not seen. The length appears rarely to exceed 30 mm., but Kemp mentions a specimen of 38 mm. The South African specimen is 33'5 mm. long. After 16 years in formalin there are still spots of a rich blue on the first four pairs of peraeopods, some less vivid on the first antennae, pur- plish on the stalks of the golden yellow eyes, with the mouth organs darkly red and the carapace covering a lighter red sub- stance, its own rostrum and probably all the rest of it being pellucid. Locality. Cape Point Lighthouse S. 83 E., 35| miles. Depth 360 fathoms. No. 66. GEN. PENAEUS, J. C. Fabricius. (For references see South African Crustacea in these Annals, in the years 1910, 1914, 1915.) 32 Annals of the South African Museum. PENAEUS INDICUS, Milne Edwards. 1837. Pe?iae?j1 Di and coxae of pedipalps muticous. RasteJJuttt composed of 3 stout spines on inner apical side and one or two smaller spines. Chelicerae with 6 teeth on inner row and 5 teeth on outer row. Legs. Metatarsus I curved strongly upwards and inwards towards base ; 5-6 spines on outer side and 6 smaller ones on inner side ante- riorly ; rest of surface covered with numerous fine, regular, spine-lilce hairs shorter on under surface. Metatarsus II straight or onlv verv slightly curved; 6 spines on inner side; rest of surface with fine A. B FIG. 3 hliops palnpyi, n. sp. A. Eight band palp from inner side. B. Tibia of right hand first leg from inner side. black setal hairs. Metatarsus III fairly heavily spined, especially at apex; rest of surface with fine spine-like hairs, longer on under surface ; similarly with metatarsus IV. Tibia I (Text-fig. 3 B) armed at apex on inner side with single straight projecting spur, set on a narrow tubercle at the base of which is a spine towards the outer side, below, and a black nipple on the inner side below ; 2 other apical spines towards outside of under surface and 20-22 other spines on rest, of under surface ; 2 short spines on outer surface centrally ; rest of surface with black setae. Tibia II with 3 apical spines on under and inner surface and 92 Annals of the South African Museum. 19-20 spines on rest of under surface. Also with 2 spines on outer surface centrally and black setae elsewhere. Patella III with short spines on anterior border of upper surface ; a central line of 7 short spines and an anterior longitudinal strip of about 10 spines, all set in an area of short black setae ; also with 2 short spines posteriorly and a curved spine on under surface towards apex. Patella IV less numerously spined, especially anteriorly. Tarsi. Tarsus I short ; a few scopular hairs distally on each side of under surface, with a double row of short spines between the patches ; each row broadens out towards the base of tarsus into an irregular, scattered area of small spines ; distally, each row is connected to the base of the claws by a comb-like arrangement of 6 longer, regular spines ; thei'e are one or two longer spines on the sides, distally, and setose hairs on remainder of surface. Tarsus II with slightly larger and more distinct scopular patches and a less numerous but more regular row of spines down centre ; distal combs not so pronounced ; 2 or 3 more spines than on tarsus I, and slightly swollen distally. Tarsus III short, much stouter than metatarsus and swollen over whole of lower surface, particularly in centre ; an entire and dense scopula on under surface ; one or two spines on sides. Tarsus IV" similar but not quite so swollen. Pedipalps. Femur with a row of 3 spines on upper surface. Patella with 0-1 spines on outer side. Tibia swollen basally, arched dorsally and with a deep hollow on under outer side ; outer edge of hollow with 4 long spines anteriorly, an irregular cluster of spines posteriorly and numerous denticles on arch between. Tarsus small ; palpal organ as in Text-fig. 3 A ; soft under portion below style bearing a lobe. Measurements. Carapace 8 mm. long, 6 9 mm. wide; 1st leg 32 mm. ; 4th 27'5. Total length (chelicerae to end of abdomen) 197 mm. This species appears closely allied to I. parvus (Hewitt) (Eec. Albany Mus., vol. iii, No. ii, p. 7), IDIOPS KENTANICUS, Pure. (Text-fig. 4 A and B). (See pp. 127 and 128.) 1903. Acanthodon Icentanicus, Purcell, Ann. S. Af r. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 89. 1904. Ctenolophus Icentanicus, Purcell, Tr. S. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. xv, pt, 3, p. 118. Specimens. $ (No. 14,528) from Kentani (Miss Pegler, 1905). CoZcmr. Carapace dark brown; legs slightly lighter, especially distally, where there is also a faint olivaceous tinge ; upper surface of abdomen almost black ; under surface dull testaceous ; sternum and coxae pale brown. 0>i Some SoiifJt African Aviculariidae (Arachnid a). 93 Carapace equal in length to 4th metatarsus, and to metatarsus and about | tarsus of 1st leg; fovea crescentic and with small and incon- spicuous depression in front of it, scattered papillae of surface bearing A. B. FIG. 4. Idiops kentanicus, Pure. A. Eight palp, outer side. B. Tibia of left first leg, under side. hairs ; border of carapace slightly raised and separated by a narrow gi-oove. Eyes. Anterior laterals broadly oval, close together and slightly facing outwards ; larger than anterior medians which are slightly more than a radius apart. Distance from front of anterior laterals to rear of anterior medians equal to breadth of posterior row. Latter is pro- curved ; medians close to anterior medians. Sternum. Posterior sigilla indistinct, small and marginal ; anterior sigilla small and touching margin opposite centre of 1st leg. Labium and coxae of pedipalps muticous. Rastellum composed of 3-4 strong spines set on a projecting tubercle, and 3 or 4 spines con- tinued round on upper inner edge of chelicerae. Chelicerae with 5 teeth on inner edge and 4-5 denticles at base on outer edge. 94 Annals of the South African Museum. Legs. Metatarsus I curved sharply upwards and inwards just over J- of its length from base ; inner side of bend slightly swollen, darker, and bearing 5-6 spinules or short spine-like hairs ; 2 apical and 1 other spine on inner surface ; 1 apical and 1 other spine anteriorly on outer surface. Metatarsus II slightly curved upwards, with 1 apical and 3 other spines on outer edge of under surface. Metatarsi III and IV very slightly curved and with long fine spines on under surface. Tibia I stout, cylindrical, and shorter than metatarsus, bearing the usual 2 spurs (Text-fig. 4s) ; anterior spur apical, stout, and curved, and with a long spine at base of tubercle ; 2nd spur short and blunt ; also 2 spines apically and 3 other spines on outer under surface. Patella III with 14 spinules on anterior surface ; none dorsally, and 2-3 apically on posterior surface. Patella IV with about 20 spinules on pi'oximal portion of anterior surface and 15-16 in a similar position on posterior surface. Tarsi in general about | length of metatarsus. Tarsus I scopulated over whole length and with 1 spine on each lateral surface. Tarsus II scopulated and spineless. Tarsi III and IV scopulated and with a few spines. Pedipalps. Femur with line of stiff bristles down centre. Tibia swollen basally and with small, almost semicircular hollow on under surface anteriorly ; outer arch of latter well spined, especially pos- teriorly. Bulb (Text-fig. 4 A) broadly reniform, process flattened basally and curved out and upwards. Measurements. Carapace 4 mm. long, 3'5 mm. wide. Tibia I 3'2 mm. Total length 9'5 mm. No ? was taken at the same time, but the specimen seems to fit in as the (^ of /. Icentanicus rather than of /. kolbei (Pure.), also from Kentaui. From the $ of the remaining Kentaui species, I. spiricola, it differs in most details. It is closely allied, however, to /. creyoei from Durban ; the palpal organ is similar but the process is slenderer and not spatulate at its extremity ; the 1st metatarsus is more strongly curved and the tibial spines somewhat stouter. OEN. ANCYLOTRYPA, E. Sim. ANCYLOTRYPA PUSILLA, Pure. 1903. A. pusilla, Purcell, Ann. S. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 1, p. 27. Specimens. Two ? ? (Nos. B 2608-9) from De Aar (S. C. Schreiner and Dr. W. F. Purcell, 9/13), and 1 ? (No. 9454) from Vlag Kop 5-6 miles north of Hanover (Schreiuer, 10/01). On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 95 9 . Carapace. Cephalic portion very much raised, pale brown in colour and with a line of long setae down the centre ; thoracic poi'tion more infuscated, especially posteriorly, to fovea ; latter procurved. Length of carapace equal to patella, tibia, and metatarsus and tarsus of 1st leg; and to tibia, metatarsus, and about *- tarsus of 4th leg. Carapace considerably narrower opposite 3rd pair of legs. Eyes. Seen from above, hind margins of anterior row are in a slightly recurved line, and anterior margins in a distinctly procurved line ; anterior medians small, round, and nearer to anterior laterals than to each other. Anterior laterals large, oval, and oblique. Pos- terior row strongly recurved ; medians slightly larger than laterals, and almost circular but uiisymmetrical in outline ; laterals slightly removed, and oval. Ocular area at least 2.V times as wide as long. Abdomen long, broader posteriorly ; almost uniform dark olive-brown in colour ; lung operctilae and genital plate lighter brown ; spinners short and stout. Sternum, coxae, etc., light brown in colour ; posterior sternal sigilla oval, oblique, about their long diameter from the margin and opposite 3rd coxae. Labium about as long as broad and muticous. Coxae of pedipalps with a few scattered denticles at base of anterior border. Chelicerae stout ; rastellum composed of very stout spines ; the 2 anterior ones blunt and prominent, with a more inner inwardly projecting smaller spine ; groove with numerous denticles down centre, and 6-7 teeth down inner border ; hairs around mouth parts dull in colour. Legs. Tarsi I and II scopulate and spineless. Tarsus III with long, sparse, scopular-like hairs, and a row of 4 spines on each side of upper surface, and a cluster of 3-4 spines on anterior surface distally. Tarsus IV with long setose hairs, and with about 15 small spines on under and anterior surface. Metatarsus I lightly scopulated, slightly more densely at sides and bearing 3 apical spines, a median, and a basal spine on under surface. Metatarsus II similarly spiued but scarcely scopulated. Metatarsus III with 2 apical spines on under surface, and a band of 10-11 small spines along each side of upper surface ; and 2 apical spines on anterior surface. Metatarsus IV with 2 strong apical spines on basal and 2 on anterior surface ; 10-11 short spines on anterior surface, and 1 apically on posterior surface. Tibiae I and II with 4-5 spines in a line down centre. Tibia III with 5-6 spines in an irregular band down each side of upper surface. Tibia IV with some setiiorm hairs on under surface, and a row of setae along posterior side of upper surface. Patella III with a dense area 7 96 Annals of the South African Museum. of short reddish spines on anterior upper surface ; rest of upper surface with strong setae. Femur IV with a dense row of moderately long- reddish spines on anterior and upper apical edge. Measurements. Carapace 4 mm. long and 2'8 mm. wide. Chelicerae to end of abdomen 14'5 mm. ANCYLOTRYPA SPINOSA, Sim. 1889. Ancylotrypa spinosa, Simon, Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. vol. 42, p. 407. 1892. Bolostromus spinosa, Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. 2 ed. vol. 1, p. 100. 1897. Ancylotrypa spinosa, Pocock, P.Z.S. 1897, p. 732. Specimens. ? (No. 4242) from Pt. Elizabeth ( J. J. Drt-ge, 1898). As there is no corresponding ^ the identification .may be doubtful, so the following description is provisional. Carapace. Light ochraceous bi-own ; darker at sides of cephalic portion ; latter not so raised as in A. pusilla ; otherwise the same as in the latter. In length subequal to tibia and metatarsus of 4th leg, and probably equal to tibia and metatarsus of 1st leg ; (anterior legs damaged). Eyes. Hind margins of anterior row in a straight to slightly procurved line. Anterior medians closer together than in A. pusilla, and equidistant from laterals. Posterior row recurved ; laterals larger than medians. Breadth of ocular area only slightly over twice its length. Abdomen. Dull testaceous below and with uniform infuscation above. Sternum and coxae of legs light brown in colour; sigilla as in pusilla. Labium and coxae of pedipalps muticous. Cliclicerae. Much as in pusilla; hairs around mouth parts reddish in colour. Legs. Tarsi I and II very slightly scopulated at sides, and spine- less. Tarsus III with 3 sinsill spines on posterior border of upper surface, and 4-5 dis tally on under surface ; rest of surface clothed with long hairs. Tarsus IV with long setose hairs and 7-8 small spines on under surface distally. Metatarsus I with 3 apical, 1 mesial, and 1 basal spines on under surface ; fairly densely clothed and with a few scopular hairs distally. Metatarsus II similar but with longer spines. Metatarsus III with 8 small spines on posterior side and 5-6 on anterior side of upper surface, the apical spines being longer and curved; also 2 slender apical, and 1 or 2 other spines on under surface, On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida) . 97 Metatarsus IV with 11-12 spines ou under surface, the 2 central apical ones being the strongest ; also 2 spines on posterior upper surface. Tibia I with a weak line of setifonn spines below ; tibia II similar but stronger. Tibia III with 2 spines on posterior surface and 2-3 on anterior surface. Tibia IV with several setiform spines ou under surface. Patella III with 20-24 spines on anterior surface, and 2 stouter spines on posterior border of upper surface. Patella IV muticous. Measurements. Chelicerue to end of abdomen 11 mm. Length of carapace 3 - 5 mm. ; breadth 2" 7 nun. GEN. HOMOSTOLA, E. Sim. HOMOSTOLA ZEBRINA, Pure.* 1902. H. aebrlna, Pnrcell, Tr. S. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. 11, pt. 4, p. 359. 1903. Purcell, Ann. S. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 94. 1915. Hewitt, Ann. Durban Mus. vol. 1, pt. 2, p. 130. This species has been included by Hewitt as a synonym of Spiroc- tt-nus (Ann. Durban Mus. vol. 1, pt. 3, pp. 221 and 223) ; on examining the specimens in the Museum collection, and also two others from localities noted below, it seems fairly clear that Purcell's zebrina is rightly referred to the genus Homostola; and further, that it is not synonomous with Spiroctenus. Apart from the differences in size and position of the posterior sternal sigilla (an important chai-acter), the other characters such as scopulation of anterior metatarsi serve to distinguish it. Additional notes on $ . Specimens. ? (No. B 1140) from Clairmont, Natal (H. W. Bell Marley, 3/15) ; and ? (No. 150506) from Howick, Natal (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 9/05). Carapace. Equal in length to tibia, metatarsus, and tarsus of 1st leg (in Purcell's specimens, No. 8445 ex typis, Pietermaritzburg, cai-apace slightly exceeds the above in length) ; also equal in length to patella and tibia, and exceeding metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg. Chelicerae. Dark red-brown, almost black in colour ; rastellum composed of a row of about 6 strong, fairly even teeth on the inner side and stout bristles in continuation to the outer edge. Groove armed with 10-11 teeth down the inner side, and a line of 6 teeth diminishing in size to a few denticles down the outer side ; a few denticles in the groove between, basally. Legs. Metatarsus III with a comb of about 4 stout setiform bristles, apically, on both anterior and posterior sides of the under surface. * See p. 136. 98 Annals of the South African Museum. Metatarsus IV has 2 stout apical spines on the under surface, and between them is the 1st of a line of strong setae which runs down the central under surface ; between this setal spine and the outer apical spine is a small comb of 2-3 setae ; on the posterior (or inner) side of the inner apical spine is a broad comb of 5-6 bristles (mentioned by Hewitt in Ann. Durban Mus vol. i, pt. 2, p. 130). Arrangement of spines otherwise agrees with that given in Purcell's description. Anterior tarsi and metatarsi slightly flattened dorsoventrally ; meta- tarsi short. GEN. SPIROCTENUS, E. Sim. SPIROCTENUS CAMBIERAE, Pure. (Plate IX, fig. 3). 1902. HermacJiastes cambierae, Pun-ell, Tr. S. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. 11. pt, 4, p. 369. 1903. Spirodenus cambierae, Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, p. 907. Specimens. 3 and 1 ? from Caledon (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 7/10). 9 Colour. Carapace and legs dull brown, tinged with olive. Abdo- men dark, almost black, both dorsal ly and ventrally; and with no outstanding dorsal pattern, but with a narrow band of confluent dull testaceous spots clown the centre of the ventral surface ; lung operculae, genital plate, and spinners about the same colour as the sternum, etc.; i.e. slightly lighter than the carapace. (The is of the same colour in general, though slightly browner ; the type of Purcell's description appears also to have become slightly darker and less ochraceous after years in spirits.) Carapace. Equal in length to tibia, metatarsus and -} tarsus of 1st leg ; slightly exceeding metatarsus and tarsus, and equalling patella and tibia of 4th leg. Fovea broad, deep, straight at the bottom, and slightly procurved at the ends. Eyes. Anterior row with their centres in a straight line ; medians smaller than laterals. Posterior medians long, light, subequal to laterals and almost touching them. Spinners. Equal in length to about ! of sternum ; apical joint short and blunt. Lab in in with 4 teeth along its apical edge; coxae of pedipalps with 25 or more denticles. Chelicerae with 7 large teeth. Pedipalps. Tarsi with 1-2 spines on under side ; tibia with about 10 moderately long spines on under surface. Legs. Tarsus of 1st leg tmspined but scopulated ; metatarsus slightly scopulated anteriorly, and with 5 spines on under surface ; On Some South African Aviculariidae (Aracktiida). 99 2nd leg the same, save that the metatarsus has only 2 spines below the outer apical one, and 1 weak one mesially below the inner apical spine; neither legs have lateral or dorsal spines. Tarsi III and IV scopulated but unspined Metatarsi spined on all surfaces. Measurements. Length 17 mm. Carapace 5 mm. long. 1st leg 12 mm., 4th 12'5 mm. For palp of $ specimens, and for the arrangement of spines on tibia aud metatarsus of 1st leg, see Plate IX, fig. 3. SPIROCTENUS COLLINUS, Poc. (Plate IX, fig. 4A-c). 1900. Hermachastes collinus, Pocock, A. M. N. H. (7), vol. 6, p. 319. 1902. Pocock, A. M. N. H. (7), vol. 10, p. 15. 1902. Purcell, Tr. S. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. 11, pt. 4, p. 364. 1903. Spiroctenus collinus, Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, p. 907. 1903. Bemmeris pardalina, Simon, Bull. Soc. Eiit. Fr. p. 42. 1903. Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, p. 896. Additional Notes. Specimens. A number of J $ and $ $ from localities on the Cape Peninsula. The colouring of a g (No. B1123), which is probably newly moulted, is as follows : Carapace ochraceous, with deep olive in- fuscations in the cephalic region aud posterior carapace, and to a less extent in lateral radiations from the fovea. Legs pale ochraceous below, infuscated above on femora, and browner from patellae onwards. Pedipalps lighter and tinged olivaceous ; abdomen infus- cated above, with testaceous markings posteriorly, bringing out central and oblique dark lines. Abdomen with its sides and under surface pale testaceous with a distinct green tinge ; lung operculae and genital plate darker and browner. Carapace. Fovea deep and slightly recurved. Eyes. Front row slightly procurved and equidistant; laterals slightly larger than medians. Posterior row well recurved ; medians subrotuud and not touching laterals, which are more oblique. Labiiim with 6-7 teeth ; chelicerae with 8-9, and an outer row of minute denticles towards base of groove (2-3 deep basallyj. Pedipalps. As in Plate IX, fig. 4 A ; general position as in B and c. The apparent difference is caused by contortion of the palpal organ (it occurs in other specimens), whereby a different aspect is presented from that usually seen. 100 Annah of the Soidli African Museum. Spines. Tibia and metatarsus I as in Plate IX, fig. 4 D ; this type of spine arrangement on the tibia appears to be more common and less distinctive amongst the Spiroctenidae. A ( specimen (No. B 796) from Mouille Pt., Cape Town, is coloured much the same, save that the abdomen is less green and more ochra- ceous. Palps as in B and o. The colouring of the above specimens has been noted, since the examples had been but a comparatively short time in spirits before being examined, and so have undergone less alteration. Amended Description of Female. Carapace. Equal in length to tibia, metatarsus and ? f tarsus of 1st leg; slightly exceeding patella and tibia, and equal to or slightly exceeding metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg. Fovea straight. Sternum. Posterior sigilla oval and slightly less than their long diameter from the margin. Labium. Armed with 2-4 teeth ; coxae of pedipalps with about 30 teeth. Chelicerae with 9-10 teeth and a double row of 15-16 denticles towards the base. Spines. Tarsus of pedipalps with 2 spines on inner side and 2 on outer ; tibia with about 9 fine spines below. Metatarsus 1 with 3 spines down outer and 2 down inner side ; tibia I with 2 long, fine spines on outer side. Metatarsus II the same as I, but generally with a line of setae down the centre also; both have only a few scopular hairs distally. Tibia IL with a few fine spines and setae on under surface ; or in some cases with a double row of fine spines down the centre. All tarsi scopulated ; posterior ones more coarsely. Tibia of 1st leg equal in length to the metatarsus. Claws of 1st and 4th legs with 5 teeth on outer basal row, and 5 teeth or more on the distal axial row. Seventeen ? ? (No. B 2583) from Sneeuwgat Valley (4000-5000 ft.), Gt. Winterhoek Mountains, Tulbagh (R W. Tucker, 4/16), appear re- ferable to this species also ; unfortunately no $ was obtained, so it cannot be determined whether the differences noted below are sufficient to separate them as a different species. In colour and appearance they coincide with collinus, though perhaps slightly darker ; and in most other characters they are identical. The anterior legs of the Winterhoek specimens, however, are much longer than in the above species, being equal to, or even greater in length than, the 4th legs, the latter coinciding with Pocock's measurements. On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 101 In consequence, the length of the carapace equals that of tibia and metatarsus of 1st leg alone. The terminal joint of the spinners is almost hemispherical, and shorter than in 8. collinus. Also the posterior median eyes are somewhat smaller and the anterior row is slightly more recurved. Dentition and spiuation correspond throughout, though the latter may be somewhat more robust. Four ? ? specimens, not fully adult, taken by Dr. W. F. Purcell and E. M. Lightfoot (8/03) at Tulbagh Road Station, agree even more closely with S. collinus, since the front legs are normal in length and the terminal joints of the spinners is longer. As this species predominates on the Peninsula it may well have extended to the Tulbagh Valley and environs. SPIROCTENUS BROOMI, n. sp. Specimens. Ten ? ? (No. 13843 Types) from Stellenbosch. (Dr. Broom, 9/10/04.) This distinct species was named by Dr. Purcell, but no description of it published. Colour. Very dark. Carapace dark infuscated brown; upper abdomen dull purplish black with faint testaceous flecks ; under abdomen slightly lighter ; genital plate and lung operculae pale brown. Sternum and coxae a lighter, redder brown than the carapace ; legs dark, especially the anterior ones, the posterior ones being slightly lighter. Patellae lighter and slightly redder. Carapace. Equal in length to the tibia, metatarsus and -, \- tarsus of 1st leg, and exceeding the metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg. Slightly pilose posteriorly. Fovea as wide as or wider than the ocular tubercle ; deep and slightly procurved: Eyes. Posterior medians oval, slightly smaller than anterior medians, equal to posterior laterals, and touching the latter. Posterior laterals smaller than the anterior laterals. Spinners stout ; equal in length to about -*- of the sternum ; apical segment subconical and about equal in length to 7} the median segment. Sternum. Posterior sternal sigilla oval, opposite anterior side of 3rd coxae, and about i their long diameter from the margin. Labium. With 4-5 stout teeth ; coxae of pedipalps with about 40 denticles. Chelicerae. With 9-10 teeth on the inner side, and an irregular row of about 15 denticles towards outer side of the base of the groove. Rastellum composed of long stout spines on the inner edge and long stout bristles on the outer edge. 102 Annals of the South African Museum. Lerjs Clothed with longish dark hairs, often bristle-like. Tarsi scopulate and spineless. Metatarsus I with very few scopular hairs anteriorly, and bearing 2 apical and 3 other spines on the under surface ; metatarsus II with no scopular hairs, but with many bristly ones ; '.\ apical, and 3 other spines on lower surface ; metatarsi III and IV well spined. Patella III with 3 spines anteriorly, and clothed with fairly stiff hairs ; patella IV with no spines or stout bristles. Tarsal claws of 4th leg with 5-6 teeth on outer side towards base (distal 3 large), and 4 in a more distal position on the axial side; 1st leg with the usual S-shaped line of teeth, composed of 5 outer basal ones and 5 inner or axinl ones, very much smaller in size. Measurements. Ghelicerae to end of abdomen 20'5 mm. ; spinners 2*6 mm. Carapace 7 mm. long and 5 mm. wide; sternum 3'5 mm. long and '> mm. wide. One specimen, larger than the rest, had measurements as follows : Length 25 mm. ; spinners 3'25 mm. ; cara- pace 7 - 5 mm. long and 5 - 25 mm. wide ; sternum 4 mm. long and 3'6 wide. The spination was also slightly stronger. This species is remarkably like in appearance colour, size, etc. to a number of Hermacha (see under H. niijra), collected by Dr. Broom at the same place and date. According to the collector, the tubes of these specimens had low turrets round their openings, and interiorly had a looping passage connecting the lower with the upper end. SPIROCTENUS PILOSUS, n. sp. Specimens. One $ (Type, No. B250), from Smithfield, Orange Free State (Dr. Kannemeyer). This specimen has been named provisionally in the absence of further material, since little is known of the Orange Free State Spiroctenidae ; and the example certainly differs from the Cape ? ? . Colour. Carapace medium brown; cephalic portion infuscated, especially along median and lateral lines; slight infuscate radiations from fovea ; abdomen of specimen rather crushed ; sternum and coxae of legs ochraceous brown, slightly redder anteriorly ; labium dark ; chelicerae red-brown below, darker above; femora of legs ochraceous, tinged olivaceous above, and from patella onwards ochraceous brown, becoming slightly redder distally. Carapace.- Ornamented with tine, rather scattered hairs, which are more numerous posteriorly. Equal in length to tibia and metatarsus of 1st leg, and exceeding metatarsus and tarsus, and also patella and tibia of 4th leg. Metat.arsus of 1st leg subequal in length to the tibia. Fovea slightly procurved. On Some Smith African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 103 Eyes. Anterior row procurved ; laterals mucli larger than medians, oval, and oblique; posterior row recurved, medians slightly smaller than the laterals and touching them. Ohelicerae. Inner margin of groove with 9 teeth ; outer margin with 9-10 denticles towards base, the anterior ones being equal to small teeth in size. Labiitni. Convex anteriorly, and bearing a few spine-like hairs. Coxae of pedipalps with about 80 teeth, each set in a small circular cup. Kastellum composed of stout spines. Sternum, coxae, and legs covered with fine, long dark hairs ; the abdomen also appears well clothed. Posterior sternal sigilla long, oval, opposite 3rd pair of legs, and less than their long diameter from the margin. Tarsi scopulate ; posterior ones coarsely. Spines. Tarsi of palps with 2 small spines anteriorly, and 2 along inner side of xmder surface ; tibiae with 8-9 fine spines on under surface. Tarsi spineless. Metatarsus I with 3 apical spines and 2 others in line below on outer side of under surface. Metatarsus II the same, with sometimes an extra spine on the outer edge and a mesial spine on the inner edge of the under surface. Tibia I with 0-1 spines about the centre of the under surface ; tibia II with 1 spine mesially on under surface ; tibia III short and stout, with 3-4 spines on upper anterior surface, and with some setiform spines on under surface. Upper surfaces of patellae III and IV, especially IV, furnished with stout reddish bristles. Anterior side of femur of 4th leg armed apically with spiuule-like bristles, which on the upper edge are reddish in colour. Tarsal claws of 4th leg bearing 4 strong teeth at the base on outer side, and 1 tooth and 2 smaller denticles anteriorly on the axial side ; the claws of the 4th leg armed with 5-6 basal teeth on the outer side, and 4 teeth on the axial side distally. Measurements. Length (abdomen damaged) probably about, or over, 20 mm. Carapace 7 mm. long, 5'4 mm. wide. 1st leg 18'5 mm. long, 3rd 12'5 mm., and 4th 14 mm. long. SPIROCTENUS VALIDUS, Pure. (Plate IX, fig. 5). 1902. Hermachastes validus, Purcell, Tr. S. Afr. Phil. Sue. vol. 11, p. 367. 1903. Spirocteiius validus, Simon, Hist. Nat. des Amiga, vol. 2, p. 907. Specimens. Two ^ and one ? , Caledon (No. 150,408). Dr. W. F. Purcell, 7/10. 104 Annals of the South African MUM inn. d Colour less red arid more olivaceous than type of S. validus (Pure.) ; carapace similarly iufuscated, legs more ocliraceous and femora not so dark ; tibiae and metatarsi ocliraceous brown ; iufuscated spots above spinners on ventral surface are large. Palps. As In Plate IX, fig. 5 A, B, and c. Leys. Spinatlon of under surface of tibia and metatarsus of 1st leg (right-hand side) as in Plate IX, fig. 5 D. Measurements. Total length 14 (excluding spinners). Carapace 6'4; 1st leg 18 mm., 4th leg 21 ; the specimens are thus smaller than the types from Ashton. ? Agrees more in colour with the immature specimens of 8. validus. Other specimens taken from Caledon by Dr. Purcell at the same time have been referred to 8. validus. Of these, one calls for note, since in appearance it resembles Stictogaster reticulatus (Pure.) ; its sternal sigilla correspond to Spiroctenus, but in many respects it varies from that genus. It has 12 teeth on the interior border of cheliceral grooves and 13 small teeth or denticles on outer border towards centre ; the labium has 4 strong teeth, and the coxae of the pedipalps about 60 ; the tarsi of the pedipalps are spined. The length of the carapace exceeds the tarsus and metatarsus of 4th leg and equals the tibia, metatarsus and about { tarsus of 1st leg; In this it agrees with 8. Jlavopunctatus, which it also resembles in abdominal markings, but greatly exceeds in size. A similar specimen, though shorter in carapace, has been identified as 8. validus, by Purcell, from Montague Baths, Caledon. It is recorded of one of the Caledon specimens that the nest is Y-shaped and has a turret similar to that constructed by 8. collinus. SPIROCTENUS GOOLDI, Pure. 1903. Hernutchafstes gooldl, Purcell, Ann. S. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 95. Specimens. $ (No. B 2341). St. James. Cape Peninsula. (Cyril French, 7/09). This example differs from either of the Peninsula species, collinus and lightfuoti, but agrees in size and proportions, palp and spiuation (with slight variations), with the type specimen of S. (jou/'Ji. In appearance it is darker in colour, and slightly stouter. To the description of gooldi may be added- Carapace equal in length to 4th metatarsus and subequal to patella and tibia and to metatarsus and tarsus of 1st leg ; in this it coincides with S. collinus, but differs from S. tricalcaratus (Pure.), to which On. Some South. African Avicularildae (Arachnida). 105 it is closely allied iu palpal organ and spination. In tricalcaratus the carapace equals metatarsus and \ tarsus of 4th leg and is less than patella and tibia, and metatarsus and tarsus of 1st leg. Spinner* equal in length to of sternum, as in tricalcaratus ; in collinus the spinners are the same length as sternum. Labium and coxae of pedipalps are muticous. Chelicerae with 8 teeth and a few minute scattered denticles. SPIROCTENUS PUBCELLI, n. sp. Plate IX, fig. 6 A, B, and c). Specimens . $ (Type No. 150,472). Simonstown. (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 4/10). Colour. Carapace and upper surface of femora dark ochraceous brown. Cephalic portion slightly darker, with a line down centre to fovea ; under surface of femora lighter and tinged with olive; legs slightly browner and darker distally ; palps lighter distally and tinged with olive. Entire under surface ochraceous ; upper surface of abdomen strongly infuscated, especially anteriorly ; posteriorly, infuscation takes the form of a central dark line and 3 to 4 distinct oblique dark lines branching from it; sides of abdomen clear ochraceous ; small dark spot on under abdomen below each posterior spinner. Carapace. Equal in length to patella and {: tibia of 1st leg, or to metatarsus and .} tarsus of 1st leg, and equals T metatarsus IV. Fovea deep and very strongly recurved. Eyes. Front row we.ll procurved and large; medians round, laterals oval, larger, and equidistant. Posterior row recurved ; medians oval, slightly smaller than laterals and touching them. Litbiuni and coxae of pedipalps muticous; chelicerae with 9 teeth. Posterior spinners equal in length to sternum; postei-ior joint just less than ^ subapical joint. Pedipalps. As in Plate IX, fig. 6 A and B. ; cf. S. collmus (Pure.). Leys. Tarsi muticous (may have small spinules below). Scopulae divided bv line of setae in every case ; setal band of IV being broad * */ and merging with scopula. The lines of setae down tarsi I and II are continued down the metatarsi, which are scopulated distally over -3- to of their length. Metatarsus I fairly strongly curved ; spined below, as in Plate IX, fig. 6c. Tibia I as in Plate IX, fig. 6 c. Metatarsus II with 1 apical spine on inner edge, 1 below it mesially ; 3 spines down inner side and one in centre of outer side ; also, one on upper surface below centre. Measurements. Total length 19'5 mm., excluding spinners; 2T6 including them. Carapace, G mm. long, 4' 75 wide, 1st leg 20-5; 4th leg 25 mm. 106 Annals of the South African Museum. GEN. HEEMACHA, E. Sim. HERMACHA CUBVIPES, Pure. 1902. Hermacha curvipes, Purcell, Tr. S. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. 11, pt. 4, p. 377. Specimens. Numerous ? ? from Simoustown ; collected by Dr. W. F. Purcell $ Colour medium brown; carapace and legs syncolorous, chelicerae slightly darker ; abdomen dull testaceous brown on upper surface, with moderately distinct tree pattern ; under surface yellowish-brown ; whole of abdomen covered with long yellowish-brown hairs. Carapace covered with appressed, golden silky hairs ; fovea straight and about as wide as ocular tubercle. Length of carapace equal to metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg ; also equals tibia, metatarsus and \ tarsus of 1st leg. Eyes. Anterior row with hind margins in a straight line, and front margins slightly procurved ; anterior medians about their own diameter apart; laterals elongate and about a median's diameter from margin. Posterior row recurved ; medians small, ovate, and almost touching laterals. Posterior laterals longer and equal in area to anterior laterals. Labiam with 0-2 denticles. Chelicerae with 9 teeth (occasionally with 11 on one chelicera) ; and a row of irregular, fairly numerous denticles at base of groove. Coxae of pedipalps with large area of denticles (about 90), distal ones scattered . Spinners. Posterior spinners long; equal in length to sternum and twice labi urn and also from fovea to front edge of carapace or over. Di.stal segment long and slender, as long as basal segment and slightly longer than middle segment ; anterior spinners about their own length apart. Sternum and coxae yellowish-brown and well clad with darker brown tt hairs, which are stiffer around margin of sternum. Posterior sigilla nearly touching margin ; long and oval. Spines. Pedipalps : tibiae with 4 apical, 2 mesial and 2 basal spines on under surface and 1 on inner side. Tarsi with no spines. Meta- tarsus 1 with 2 apical, 1 mesial, and 1 basal spines 011 under surface. Metatarsus II with 5-7 spines on under surface, and 1 large median spine on upper inner surface. Metatarsus III heavily spined, espe- cially on outer and upper surfaces. Metatarsus IV also well spiued, On Some South African Aniculariidae (Arachnida). 107 but somewhat irregularly ; apical spines large, particularly inner one, which is long- and curved. Scapula entire on 1st and 2nd metatarsi ; absent on 3rd and 4th save for a few scopular hairs and setae on 3rd. Tarsi are all scopu- late ; that of 2nd leg has a narrow band of very tine setae, and 3rd and 4th have a distinct band of setae down centre. Measurements. Length of carapace 7 mm., breadth 5. Chelicerae to end of abdomen 175 mm. ; spinners 5 mm. ; tibia I, 3 mm long (equal to metatarsus and about 3 tarsus), 1st leg 17 mm., 4th leg 19 mm. long. This species occurs elsewhere in the Peninsula, occasionally with slight differences as noted. metatarsus and about .} of tarsus. Tarsi I and II with no setal bands ; tarsus III with a line of setae down centre, and tarsus IV witli a broad baud of setae. Metatarsus I with scopula entire, and with 2 apical, 1 mesial, and 1 basal spines on under surface. Metatarsus II with the scopula very thin to absent on the lower half; 2 apical and 5 other spines on the under surface ; 1 small spine on the inner side and sometimes 1 above. Metatarsi III and IV with a few scopular hairs and setae distally on under surface. Measurements. Chelicerae to end of abdomen 17 mm. ; carapace 6 mm. long and 4 mm. wide ; spinners 3 mm. long ; length of 1st leg 14 mm. ; of 4th, 16 mm. A $ specimen (No. 150,433) from Caledon agrees with H. n'ujra in all details save size, and in carapace being considerably longer than tarsus and metatarsus of 4th leg. Measurements. Length 26 mm. ; carapace 8' 5 mm. long and G mm. wide; spinners 4'5 mm. and tibia I, 5mm. long. It might possibly be a $ from a previous season. 8 112 Annals of tlie South African Museum. A number of ? specimens (No. 3890) from Knysua are also remarkably close to H. nigra, but vary in a few details. In the absence of <$ in any of the cases it is impossible to definitely name the species from Caledoii or Knysna as H. nigra, but it is possible that they may be. A number of ? specimens (No. 13842) from Stellenbosch strongly resemble H. nigra, and are also apparently closely allied to it ; it is no doubt a young example of this species which was described by Simon as Damarchodes purcelli (Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1903, No. 3, p. 43) ; the description, however, is of a juvenile, and is based mainly on colour and lacks specific details. Damarchot/es is considered by Purcell to be synonymous with Hermacha ; Hewitt, however, thinks it allied to Pelmalorycter (Ann. Durban Mus. vol. 1, pt. 3, p. 224). HERMACHA NIGRISPINOSUS, n. sp. (Text-fig. 7). Specimens. <$ (Type, No. B 2593) and 20 ? - stouter, and curved downwards and slightly outwards. Metatarsus II slightly curved, III and IV straight ; I and II paler distally. ScnpuJntion. Tarsi I and II with scopulae undivided; III with narrow dividing line of long setae ; IV Avith a very broad dividing line of strong setae. Metatarsus I scopulate over distal -i, II over distal f ; III with scopular hairs on distal |, IV with setose hairs. Spines. Tarsi I, II, and III unspiued ; IV with 0-1 spines on anterior side distally. Metatarsus I with 1 small apical and 1-2 116 Annals of the South African Museum. stouter spines on under surface. Metatarsus II with 1-2 apical, 3 stout spines on under surface basally and 3 on inner upper surface ; III and IV heavily spined. All femora spined on upper surface. Measurements. Length of carapace just over 7 mm., width 5'3 mm., chelicerae to end of abdomen 10 mm. ; tibia I 3'6 mm., slightly exceeding metatarsus I in length ; tibia II slightly less than metatarsus II. $ Colour. Carapace and legs dark to medium brown ; under surface as in <$ but slightly browner. Carapace. Slightly shorter than tibia, metatarsus, and tarsus of 1st leg, and subequal to tibia and metatarsus of 4th leg. Fovea slightly prociirved. Eyes. Anterior medians less than a diameter apart, but a diameter or more from the anterior laterals which are a long oval and larger in area ; posterior row with medians smaller than laterals, and touching them. i^/ii/tH/TS. Equal in length to ., of sternum; apical joint slightly shorter than siibapical. Labi ii nt muticous ; coxae <>f pedipalps with 25-30 teeth at base anteriorly. J Clii'lii-i'i-iie with 8 teeth on inner side and 1 large denticle in groove towards base. Posterior sternal sigilla oval, about their long diameter from margin, and fairly deeply impressed ; median sigilla in form of a semicircular impression on margin of carapace opposite 2nd coxae. Petli{>Sim.) are both confined to Madagascar, and Dip!th<'1<' to India and Ceylon. The following species from Rhodesia does not agree with the Mada- gascan genera, but coincides rather with the Indian genus ; it differs therefrom in certain respects, but the differences are not generic. DIPLOTHELE AECTURUS, 11. sp. Spec line n if. A $ (No. H2189, Type) from Arcturus, Salisbury (Dr. Melle, 12/15). Colour. Carapace and legs light reddish brown ; upper surface of abdomen dull blackish brown, flecked with numerous testaceous spots; under abdomen testaceous with a black spot directly below the vulva. Sternum, coxae, and under side of legs slightly lighter than the carapace. The latter is marked with numerous infuscated lines radiating from the t'ovea ; sides of cephalic region lightly infuscated; ocular tubercle almost entirely black. Carapace. Equal in length to the tibia, metatarsus and -;, ! tarsus of 1st leg, and to the metatarsus and tarsus of the 4th leg. Orna- mented with appressed yellow hairs and scattered black bristles, which are most numerous on the cephalic portion. Fovea small and straight, cephalic edge longer and slightly procurved. Ocular area wider than long. Eyes. Anterior laterals oval, oblique, and nearly their long diameter apart anteriorly ; anterior medians round and slightly smaller than the anterior laterals; at least their own diameter behind the latter and from each other. The anterior eve area, is thus slightly On 8oiin.' 8otith African Avic.nlariidae (Arachnida). 119 narrower posteriorly. Posterior medians very small, and touching laterals, which are long oval and oblique, and situated in a recurved line with the anterior medians, and a procurved line with posterior medians. Spinners. Two only. (As in Fig. 110, p. 117, Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 1, 1892.) Sternum. As broad as long; bearing stiff black hairs, especially on posterior borders. Three pairs of sternal sigilla ; small, marginal, equal in size and opposite 1st, 2nd and 3rd coxae respectively. Labiuin quite twice as wide as long, and bearing 4 apical teeth. Coxae of pedipalps with a small basal patch of 15-20 teeth. Ghelicerae. Clothed with moderately long hairs; rastellum not prominent, composed of a row of very slender spines which are longer on internal border. A single row of 9 strong, teeth on inner border of groove, and a patch of denticles in the basal portion of the groove, itself. Hairs around mouth parts long and copper-red in colour. Legs. Tarsi with 110 clavate hairs on upper surface; scopulae entire on under surfaces, and each divided by a band of setae which is faint in the 1st leg, and progressively stronger and wider to the 4th leg. Metatarsi I and II scopulate and with a faint trace of setae down centre; metatarsus III faintly scopulate over distal *,-\ of its length; metatarsus IV over distal .V only; each with a line of long strong setae extending beyond the scopulated portion. Tarsi I and II length of their metatarsi, III and IV \ or slightly less. Spines. Tarsi spineless. Metatarsus I spineless ; metatarsus II with 1 or 2 spines basally on under surface; metatarsi III and IV armed with long strong spines. Patella, III with 3 spines ou anterior surface and 1 on posterior; rest of surface covered with strong bristly hairs; other patellae spineless. Tarsal claws with a single tooth situated anteriorly in the bend of the claw ; claws longer than the fascicles. Pedipalps. Tarsus scopulated and divided by a line of setae ; tibia weakly spined below. Measurements. Chelicerae to end of abdomen, 15 mm. Carapace 6'2 mm. long, 5 mm. wide. Legs, in order from 1-4, approximately 14, 13, 13, and 17 mm. in length. FAMILY. DIPLURIDAE. GEN. THELECHORIS, Karsch. This genus has been made synonymous with Ischnothele (see Simon Hist. Nat, des Araign. 2nd ed. vol. ii, pt, 4, 1903, p. 968) ; from material now to hand it would appear that the synonymy is not valid, and T/K'liT/HH-ix is perfectly distinct from Ischnothele. It seems that 120 Annals of the South African Museum. hitherto certain $ Thelechoris have Leeu described as Ischnothele, whilst before the genera were merged, g Ischnothele were referred to Thelechoris; thus the palp figured in Sim. Hist. Nat. des Araign. 2nd ed. vol. i, 1892, p. 70, as of Thelechoris, is characteristic of Ischnothele. Hence as up till now only Ischnothele g <$ were known, and the ? ? of both genera were much alike, the synonymy was probably established on 'account of the cross descriptions referred to above. The $ Thelechoris described below makes it clear that the genera, are distinct, and the ? characters set out by Simon in Hist. Nat. des Araign. 1892, p. 187, should be sufficient to separate T/iflechoris from Ischnothele as instituted by Ausserer in Verh. Zool. But. Ges. Wieii. 1875, pp. 162 and 163. THELECHOEIS AUSTRALIS, Pure. (Text-fig. 9 A, B and c). 1903. T. austntlis, Purcell, Ann. S. Afr. Mus. vol. iii. pt. 4, p. 106. ,S'/r//,/r//s._ g and ? (No. B 1948), Durban, N;ital (H. W. Bell-Marley, 10/1915), and 1 HI i' South African Aviculariidae (Amehiilda). 121 ordinary spine ; more numerous spines than on metatarsus I ; tibia I subequal to metatarsus I ;>.ud stouter. Tibia II shorter than meta- A C. FIG. 9. Tlidc'-ltitris australis, Pure. A. Right palp, outer sidy. B. Left palp, under side. C. Eight-hand second leg, inner side. tarsus II, much stouter and bearing on under side of inner surface, over one-third-way down, a stout process which has 3 teeth on its inner and under edge (see Text-fig. 9 c) ; inner side with 3 slender 122 Annah of the Month African Museum. spines in a row behind each other ; other scattered spines also. Metatarsi and tibiae of 3rd and 4th legs with long, fairly numerous spines. Tarsus I reddish in colour, infuscated terminally ; scanty scopula anteriorly and 1 or so weak spines. Tarsus II lighter and with 2 or 3 spines and more scopular hairs. Tarsi III and IV still lighter, more numerously spined, and with more plentiful scopulation distally ; in all cases the scopular hairs are long and setose. Claws of 4th leg with uniseriate row of 5 teeth ; anterior teeth longest ; claws of 1st leg with row of 6 or 7 long fine teeth. Pedipalps. Tarsus short and oblong; tibia swollen medially and posteriorly ; neither are spiued, but tibia carries long setose hairs, particularly on under surface. Basal part of bulb pear-shaped tapering gradually to a long, fine, inwardly curved style, the apex of which curves slightly downwards and reaches to base of tibia (Text-fig. 9 A and B). Measurements. Chelicerae to end of abdomen, 9 mm. ; spinners 7'5 mm. ; length of carapace 4 mm., width 3'G mm. ; length of 1st leg 10-75 mm. ; 2nd leg 1225 mm. ; 3rd leg 135 mm.; 4th leg 15 mm. It may be mentioned that in the $ the 1st and 2nd legs are always practically equal in length, the 1st being longer only by a mere fraction of a millimetre. The Grahamstown specimens are much smaller, and the male is newly moulted, and maimed in one palp, but the characters are identical. In the females slight variations from the type occur in the eyes ; the Natal specimen having the median anteriors lighter and apparently slightly larger than the type, whilst in the Grahams- town specimen the posterior medians appear slightly longer, oval, and nearer to the anterior medians. 'l'//i'lv. (Text-fig. 11 A.) Tliis name is proposed for the inclusion of such forms as have the characters of eyes, legs, ehelicerae, etc., of the sub-family Idiopeae, hut b FIG. 11. a. Seyregara. l>. Gori/i/i-fUn. c. Ctenolophu* = IiUopi. d. Idiofin (fri/i) 9 . d t . Idiops (pullux) g . e. Heliyomerus (coffer). are distinct in the possession of 3 pairs of small marginal sicfilla. Hitherto these have l>een placed in the genus Acanthndon (Giu'rin, 1838), which apparently applied originally to forms with 2 pairs of sigilla only, and was made synonymous with Idiops (Perty, 1833) by 0. P. Cambridge in 1870, and again by Simon in 1903. 126 A Him!* of the South African Mnx<'in>t. The name Acanthodon, therefore, should have lapsed. Seyregara takes its place for forms with sternum (m. xi, p. 434 (not 234, as' quoted inP.Z.S.). In 1871 Ausserer separates I. sigillxtitx, described by Cambridge in 1870, as a new genus Idiosoma (Verh. z. b. g. Wien, 1871, p. 150). In 1892, Hist. Nat. des Ar., both Acanthodon and Idiops are included by Simon under Idiopeae, the main separating characters being given on pp. 89 and 92 as the eyes ; the name Idiops is here applied to the American species only. In P.Z.S. 1897, p. 731,Pocock divides the species referred to Idiops I iv Cambridge in 1870, and places the two African forms (meadii and thorelli) in the genus Acanthodon ; probably according to Simon, although no reasons are given for the separation. A new species, Acanthodon lacustris, is also described from 2 9 specimens (Lake Tanganyika), and the diagram of the sternum coincides with that for Idiops and Ctenolophus (Text-fig. 11 (c) and (d) ), which is accounted for as below. (Simon later puts A. lacustris in his genus Titanidiops, Hist, Nat. des Ar. 1903, p. 890). In 1898, A.M.N.H. (7), vol. i, p. 320, Pocock describes anew species, Acanthodon preforiae, from South Africa, and tabulates it with the other African species. On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 127 In 1902, Purcell in Trans. S. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. xi, pt. 4, and Ann. S. Afr. Mus. vol. iii, pt. 4, describes several new species of Acanthodon, also from South Africa, and in the former proposes the genus Gorgy- rella for form (b) . In 1903, loc. cit. p. 888, Simon having received a $ Icliops unites Acanthodon and Lliops as having rested previously on a sexual character only ; adding further that the latter genus should be con- fined to American species, and proposing Titanidiops for the African species. The name Acanthodon should therefore disappear. In 1903, P.Z.S. p. 350, Pocock apparently accepts Acanthodon as a synonym of JcZiops. In 1904, Trans. S. Afr. Phil. Soc., vol. xv, pt. 3, Purcell removes all his species from Acanthodon, 2 of which, both $ ? , namely, A. fryi and A. versicolor, he transfers to the genus Idiops ; and for the other species, both $ and ? ? , he makes a new genus, Ctenolophus. Sub- sequently new species are described by Purcell under Idiops, but none are added by him to Ctenolophus. Hewitt, however (Rec. Albany Mus. vol. ii, 1913), adds several new species to both genera. But previously, in Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. ii, p. 74, 1910, Hewitt describes the supposed ? of A. pretoriae (Poc. 1898), although the genus disappeared finally in 1903. In Rec. Albany Mus. vol. ii, p. 418, he refers the species to Idiops, giving no reasons ; and in the same volume, p. 471, describes a new species, Acanthodon microps. In Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. 5, pt. 6, p. 97, footnote, having examined the type, Hewitt speaks of /. thoreHi (Cambr.) as being a true Acanthodon. However, in Rec. Albany Mus. vol. ii, pt. 5, p. 412, he describes a new species, Gtenoloplms transvaglensis ; then later (Rec. Alb. Mus. vol. ii, p. 473, footnote) places it under Gorgyrella, as it possesses 3 pairs of sternal sigilla, the 3rd pair very small (hence it cannot be a Gorgyrella at all (Text-fig. 11 B) ) ; later still he settles it as Acanthodon, and considers the two latter genera inseparable (Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. v, pt. 3, p 183). Hence apparently Acanthodon as used by Hewitt should have the sternum as in fig. (A), i.e., with 3 pairs of small sternal sigilla, of which he regards (B) as a variation. Further, in Rec. Alb. Mus. vol. xi, p. 473, Hewitt adds a footnote that, according to Hirst, Ctenolophus is a synonym of Acanthodnn ; and later states, in lit., that he has examined Gruerin's type A. petiti, and considers that ? Ctenoloplius is congeneric with it. But Gue'rin's A. petiti is an Idiops according to Cambridge, and according to Simon also it should be referred to that genus. Hence, when Hewitt says that Ctenolophus and A. petiti are congeneric, it may be taken as 9 128 Annals of the South African Museum. equivalent to saying that Ctenolophus is congeneric with Idiops, which is borne out by the diagrams (c) and (D). But in Ann. Durban Mus. vol. i, pt. 3, p. 225, Hewitt considers the " South African species now referred to this genus (Acanthodon) con- generic with the genotype of Acanthodon (G-uerin) from Brazil," and gives a short diagnosis of Acanthodon, in which he states that there are " either 2 or 3 pairs of sternal sigilla, the 1st pair marginal or sometimes (= Gorgyrella, Pure.) a little separate from the margin." He thus includes all 3 forms A. B, and c, as one genus under the name Acanthodon; which, if Gruerin's type is identical with Purcell's Cteno- lophus as he maintains, has but 2 sternal sigilla as in (c), and does not apply to forms (A) and (B), but did and still does apply to forms (D) now known as Idiops. Thus, as the following will tend to show, the name Acanthodon disappeared once in 1870 (Cainbr.) and once again in 1903 (Sim.), and was accepted as synonymous with Idiops by Pocock in 1903. Hewitt, however, still uses the name, and further includes under it the 3 forms as above ; whereas it would seem more fitting to keep Gorgyrella separate, unite Ctenolophus with Idiops, and substitute Segregara for the form (A) hitherto described under the lapsed name Acanthodon. The creation of a new name seems neces- sary, since Simon's Titanidiops does not appear to be the same as form (A), but rather should agree with form. (D). It may be mentioned that Ctenolophus and Idiops differ in one respect, namely, the latter has two rows of teeth on the cheliceral groove, whilst the outer row is represented in Ctenolophus by minute denticles only ; this by itself is perhaps hardly sufficient for separation, though fairly constant, but would no doubt serve to divide the group into two main classes. From the above resume, it would seem that M. Perty founded the genus Idiops. Guerin, not having referred to this, subsequently founded the genus Acanthodon on a specimen, A. pet it i, which was con- generic with Perty 's Idiops. Walckenaer subsequently not only adopted Gruerhrs Acanthodon, but erroneously concluded that Perty's Idiops was really a Sphasus. This mistake was rectified later, but Acanthodon was left standing. Cambridge then (P.Z.S. 1870) states definitely that Acanthodon is identical with Perty's Idiops, and describes a series of species for this genus, from South America, Syria, Africa, and Australia; unfortunately he thus describes species which were geuerically different from Idiops. Hence Ausserer puts the Australian species I. sigillata into a new genus Idiosoma, and Simon subsequently reduces Idiops to the South American species and places the rest under Acanthodon, in which genus he includes as a synonym Ausserer's On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 129 Idiosoma. In 1897 Pocock records the two African species of Idiops (thorelli and meadii) described by Cambridge in 1870 as Acanthodon, and describes a new species of the genus from ? specimens. Sub- sequently Simon makes Acantliodon a synonym of Idiops, and con- stitutes the synonymy of the latter genus as on p. 889, Hist. Nat. des Ar. 1903 ; apparently re-establishing Ausserer's Idiosoma. The generic type for Idiops thus reverts to Perty's I. friscus, and Acantliodon disappears ; A. petiti becoming I. petiti. For species other than American, Simon makes new genera, Pachyidiops and Titanidiops ; which Hewitt, however, does not think valid (Ann. Durb. Mus. vol. i, pt, 3, p. 225, note). Purcell in 1904 removes all his species from Acantliodon, placing some in a new genus, Ctenolophus, and the rest in Idiops. About 1910 Hewitt describes the supposed $ of Acantliodon pretoriae, of which the J 1 was described by Pocock in 1898, and subsequently describes other species under the genus Acantliodon, although the name had lapsed. Amongst species which finally come to rest under Acantliodon are forms with 3 pairs of small marginal sternal sigilla, which Hewitt considers genetically the same as Purcell' s Gorgyrella ; further, having examined Grucriu's type on which Acantliodon was originally based, he finds that Ctenolophus is congeneric with the original Acanthodon (which, however, is Idiops) ; hence Ctenolophus, Gorgyrella, and an apparently new form are all included by him under the lapsed Acanthodon. If sternal sigilla are thus considered valueless for generic separation, Idiops itself has little support ; hence it is not surprising that Hewitt considers it probable that " Acanthodon and Idiops will eventually be united " (Ann. Durb. Mus. vol. i, pt. 3, p. 225, footnote) ; in fact the subfamily Idwpeae would practically become one big genus. A possible solution is suggested in the previous and following pages in which the name Segregara shall be applied to forms with 3 pairs of small marginal to [submargiual sigilla, from which fresh genera, Gorgyrella and Idiops (including Ctenolophus), have branched off. SYTEMATIC VALUE OP STERNAL SIGILLA (Text-figs. 12 and 13). In connection with the genus Pelmatorycter, Hewitt states (Ann. Durb Mus. vol. i, pt. 3, p. 223) that "the character of the position of the posterior sternal sigilla is only of specific importance, for in the genus Pelmatorycter these sigilla may be small and submargiual, or very large and submedian." This may perhaps be because specimens of the genus Ancylotrypa have been included as Pelmatorycter. In specimens of both genera available for examination great similarity exists, and the posterior sternal sigilla show less divergence than in 130 Annals of the South African Museum. other genera discussed ; yet, taking sigilla as the criterion, two distinct classes can be distinguished, to each of which a generic name had previously been given on other and less reliable characters. Ancylotrypa. Posterior sternal sigilla oval, marginal to submedian ; and their distance apart always exceeds the width of the labium, and is also much greater than their long diameter. The distance between their inner anterior margins greatly exceeds the distance from the latter to the margin of the sternum. Pelmatorycter- Posterior sternal sigilla large, oval or pear-shaped, B FIG. 12. A. Ancylotrypa cornuta $ . B. Pelmatorycter namaqueti sis $ . C. A. pusilla $ . D. P. palUdipes $ . and median to submediau in position ; the distance apart usually less than, and rarely equal to, the width of the labium, and also seldom exceeding the long diameter of the sigilla. The distance between the o o o inner anterior margins is considerably less than from the latter to the margin of the sternum. In both genera the 2 anterior pairs of sigilla are small, less distinct, and marginal ; in Pelmatorycter the 2nd pair are submarginal. The characters given in the original generic descriptions are not of primary importance, the dentition of the tarsal claws being especially variable ; the eyes, however, are of some importance, since in Ancylo- On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida) 131 trypa the ocular area is scarcely wider posteriorly than anteriorly, is shorter in comparison with the width, and has the posterior row of eyes smaller and more subequal in size than Pelmatorycter ; the latter also has the posterior tarsi of the ? ? more heavily spined on the under surface. Further, Ancylotrypa are considerably smaller and slenderer in build, and the $ have shorter palps, and the $ $ more oblong (or cylindrical) abdomens than in Pelmatorycter. Thus among Hewitt's recent additions (Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. v, No. 3, p. 192, etc.) to the genus Pelmatorycter, are forms such as P. parvus and P. brevipalpis, etc., which from the descriptions appear to belong to Ancylotrypa ; further, a $ specimen depicted in fig. 10, pi. XXVI, and referred to as a species near brevipalpis, possesses the characteristic size and shape of Ancylotrypa, and would no doubt possess the sternal characters also. Not only in Pelmatorycter and Ancylotrypa, but in the preceding and other genera, sternal sigilla appear to be a sufficient generic distinction. When one considers that these sigilla are the marks formed bv attachments of the powerful internal thoracic muscles which actuate the legs, their significance is not inconsiderable. A o " O difference iu position and size of the posterior sternal sigilla, as shown by Gorgyrella and Seyregara (Text -fig. 11), can only mean a difference in arrangement and action of the thoracic musculature which makes the two forms entirely separate. In the above case both are ground- trapdoor-tube builders, and are also alike in external appearance. It is generally admitted that genera arise in evolution by branching off from a common stock, and therefore intermediate forms are at times only to be expected. Although the posterior sternal sigilla of Gorgyrella are equivalent to the corresponding ones of Segregara, and have probably been formed by the enlargement and forward migration of the posterior sternal muscles of a Segregara-like stock, it seems quite legitimate to consider that branch geuerically distinct. The supposition of the development of Gorgyrella from a 8e validus (Spiroctenus) . K kentanicus (Idiops) . kentanicus (Stasimopus) ill' 85 Z zebrina (Homostola) . PAGE 81 79 79 87 110 112 90 129 80 102 117 83 88 114 105 84, 94 79 125 96 98 84 132 117 82 119 134 103 97, 136 (138) EXPLANATION OF PLATE IX. FIG. 1. Stasimopus purcelli, n. sp. Left palp, outer and under aspect. 2. Stasimopus kentanicus, Pure. Left palp, outer and under aspect. 3. Spiroctenus camlierse, Pure. A and B. Under and side view of palp. C. Tibia and metatarsus of right hand, first leg, inner side. 4. Spiroctenus collinus, Poc. Left palp, (A) from below, (B) from the side. C. Showing different aspect due to torsion. D. Tibia and metatarsus of first leg, under aspect. 5.8pirnctenus validus, Pure. Left palp, CA) from below, (B) from side. C. Type specimen from side. D. Tibia and metatarsus, first leg. 6. Spiroctenus purcelli, n. sp. Left palp, (A) from below, (B) from side. C. Tibia and metatarsus of leg, under surface. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. Vol. XVII. Plate IX. (0 <> CO '- u CO .-I ill 1 1 r<1 >{ w ith the type. Paratopotypes, 4^9- Type in the South African Museum. This curious insect is named in honour of its collector. The outline of the body is shown in fig. 1. GEN. PODONEURA, Bergroth. 1888. Ent. Tidskrift, vol. 9, p. 133. PODONEURA ANTHRACOGRAMMA, Bergroth. 1888. Ent. Tidskrift, vol. 9, pp. 133, 134. The type-material is from Cape Town (Peringuey) and bears Bergroth's label No. 7 ; a <$ from Cape Town (Lightfoot) ; a <$ , S. W. District, Cape Colony. The wing of this remarkable insect is shown on Plate X, fig. 14. GEN. GrNOPHOMYIA, Osten Sacken. 1859. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 223. GNOPHOMYIA ELEGANS, Wiedemann. 1830. Aussereur. Zweifl. Ins., vol. 2, p. 617 (Limnobia). The material at hand includes one of Bergroth's specimens (Caff- raria, Wahlberg, No. 6) and a female from Durban, Natal, April, 1915 (Marley). The female offers the following measurements, length about 9'5 mm. ; wing, 9 - 5 mm. This beautiful fly bears a striking resemblance to certain of the Neotropical species of -ErioceraMacquart, and it is not strange that Dr. Schiuer (Eeise Novara) referred it to this genus. The wing is shown on Plate XI, fig. 15. GEN. GONOMYIA, Meigen. SUB-GEN. GONOMYIA, Meigeu. 1818. Syst. Beschr., vol. 1, p. 146. GONOMYIA (GONOMYIA) SPURIA, Bergroth. 1888. Ent. Tidskrift, vol. 9, pp. 134, 135. One female specimen from Lourenco Marquez, Portuguese East Africa (C. W. Howard), in the collection of the United States National Museum. The wing is shown on Plate XI, fig. 16. 152 Annals of the South African Museum. This delicate species bears a certain resemblance to species in many widely separated regions of the world, especially as regards the arrangement of media and its branches the Uanda group (Hoi- arctic), Gonomyia proximo., Brunetti (Oriental), and even to Ptilostena, Bergroth (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, vol. 11, p. 575-578, 1913). The last-named group is separated from Gonomyia because of its arrow petiolate wings, the long Sc } and the peculiar shape of cell B a of the wings ; G. spuria shows all of these characters except the last, and it seems doubtful whether Ptilostena should receive more than sub-generic rank. Edward's Thaumastoptera aldabrensis (Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., vol. 15, pt. 2, p. 205, pi. 10, fig. 10, 1912) is also a Gonomyia that shows many characters in common with Ptilostena. It may here be mentioned that the Teucholabis flavonotata, Edwards (loc. cit., pp. 205, 206, pi. X, fig. 11), from the Seychelles Islands is a Gonomyia, closely resembling G. sulphurella, Osten Sacken (E. Nearctic). SUB-GEN. GONOMYELLA, sub-gen, u. Differs from Gonomyia, s.s., as follows : Wings with the subcosta elongate, cell R. 2 very large; radial cross-vein present; cell 1st Mo open by the atrophy of m or the outer deflection of M. A . Type of the sub-genus. Gonomyiaslossonae, Alexander (Neotropical). Besides the two Ethiopian species described in this paper, Gonomyia velutina, Alexander (Peru) also belongs to this group. GrONOMYIA (GrONOMYELLA) NATALENSIS, sp. 11. Head light grey ; thorax grey with three brown stripes ; pleura striped grey and pale yellow; abdominal tergites uniformly dark brown ; wings with subcosta elongate, cross-vein r present and con- nected with .&, + 3, cell 1st Mo open by the atrophy of the outer deflection of M$. Female. Length about 6'6 mm. ; wing 6'2 mm. Eostrum short, black, with a sparse greyish bloom ; palpi black. Antennae rather elongated for this sex, black, the first segment about as long as the two following combined ; flagellar segments elongate- oval with an abundant white pubescence. Head clear light grey, the vertex with a faint suffusion of brown ; space between the eyes very broad. Pronotum prominent, light grey, broadly darker medially, the scutellum more pallid, brownish-yellow. Mesonotal praescutum light grey with three dark brown stripes, the median stripe broadest, ending just before the transverse suture ; pseudosutural foveae prominent, elongate, subtriangular, shiny black ; tuberculate pits The Crane-flies of South Africa (Diptera, Tipvlidae). 153 prominent, shiny black, rounded, situated near the anterior margin of the sclerite, the distance between them a little greater than the diameter of one ; scutum dark grey ; scutellum pale brown to brownish- yellow ; postnotum black with a sparse grey bloom. Pleura with the propleural sclerites yellowish ; mesopleura pale whitish-yellow, with two broad blackish-grey stripes, the dorsal one beginning on the prouotal scutellum continuing caudad to the mesonotal post- uotum ; ventral stripe including the coxae and the mesosternum ; mesosternum yellowish medially. Halteres pale brown, the knobs darker brown. Legs with the coxae vellow, the outer faces dark with a o * dense grey bloom ; trochanters dark brown ; remainder of the legs black. Wings with a pale grey tinge, vein Cv suffused with brown ; stigma distinct, rounded-oval, brown ; veins dark brown. Venation (Plate XI, fig. 17), Sc very long, extending to beyond mid-length of the long sector ; Sc-^ rather long, longer than the radial cross-vein but shorter than vein R., alone ; Us long, somewhat angulated at its origin; R. 2 + ^ short; cross-vein r connecting R^ with -Ro + ;5 ; basal deflection of R + 5 long, not on a line with r-m ; cell 1st M* open by the atrophy of the outer deflection of M.^ ; fork of M l + . 2 longer than its petiole; basal deflection of Cu\ beyond the fork of M. Abdominal tergites dark brownish-black, unmarked, the ovipositor light yellowish-brown ; steruites black, the segments broadly margined cauclally and laterally with yellowish ; lateral integument bright vellow. tt Habitat. South Africa. Holotype, 9, G-illets, Natal, September, 1915 (Marley). Paratype, $, Krantz Kloof, Natal, September 26th, 1915 (Marley). Type in the South African Museum. GrONOMYIA (GrONOMYELLA) BREVIFURCA, sp. 11. Black ; thorax and abdomen striped and banded with bright yellow ; wings with the radial cross-vein present; cell 1st M 2 open by the atrophy of the medial cross-vein ; fusion of Cu^ and M. t very extensive, the remaining fork being very short. Male. Length 4 mm. ; wing 3'3 mm. Eostrum and palpi black. Antennae black, the flagellar segments rounded-oval. Head black ; eyes small with coarse ommatidia ; front and vertex extensive. Pronotum black, the scutellum bright yellow. Mesonotum black with a small yellow blotch on the outer caudal angle of the scutum inside the wing-base. Pleura bright yellow with two broad black stripes, the dorsal stripe extending from the pronotum to the mesonotal post- 154 Annals of the South African Museum. notum ; ventral stripe near the sternum and including all the coxae ; prosternum beneath yellow ; niesosteruum with a large oval yellow spot beneath. Halteres brown, the knobs darker. Legs with the coxae and trochanters black ; femora dark brown, the tips black ; tibiae and tarsi black. Wings with a pale yellowish-brown tinge ; no stigma ; veins brown. Venation (Plate XI, fig. 18), Sc long extending about one-third to one-quarter the length of the long sector ; Sc 2 indistinct ; Rs very long ; R 2 + :i short, less than R. 2 ; cross-vein r present but in- distinct, connecting with R 2 ; basal deflection of R 4 -\-^, and r-m about on a line ; basal deflection of M } + 2 obliterated ; cross-vein m lacking so that cell M 2 is undivided ; fusion of M% with Cu^ very extensive, Cu^ alone being about as long as the r-m cross-vein. Abdomen banded black and yellow, tigrine in appearance, the segments black with broad caudal margins of bright yellow ; hypopygium black. Habitat. South Africa. Holotype, , Hottentot-Hollands Mountains, altitude 4000 ft., Caledon, Cape Colony, 1915 (Barnard). Type in the South African Museum. This interesting little fly is not like the typical members of the sub-genus in the manner that cell 1st M 2 is open. The very short fork of Cu\ and M 3 is strongly suggestive of the possibility of the loss of one of these veins by complete fusion to the wing-margin, a very rare con- dition in this family of flies, the only other comparable case known to the author being certain species of the Neotropical genus Polymera. GEN. MONGOMA, Westwood. 1881. Trans. But. Soc. Loud., p. 364. MONGOMA EXORNATA, Bergroth. 1888. Ent. Tidskrift, vol. 9, pp. 135, 136 (Trentepohlia). This interesting fly has a rather extensive range in Eastern and South-Easteru Africa, as given by the author in an earlier paper (Can. Ent., vol. 44, p. 204, 1912) ; a specimen in the collection from the Bluff, Durban, Natal, August, 1915 (Marley). GEN. CONOSIA, van der Wulp. 1880. Tijd. v. Entomol., vol. 23, p. 159. CONOSIA IRRORATA, Wiedemanu. This is a very widely distributed species that is found practically throughout the tropics of the Old World. Five <^,9> M'fongosi, Zululand, February, 1914 (W. E. Jones). The Crane-flies of South Africa (Dipt era, Tipulidae}. 155 TRIBE L1MNOPHILINI. GEN. LIMNOPHILA, Macquart. 1834. Suit, a Buffon. vol. 1, p. 95. LIMNOPHILA TRANSVAALICA, sp. n. Auteunae elongate ; head dark grey ; thorax and abdomen orange- yellow ; wings yellowish without markings. Female. Length 1O6 mm. ; wing 11'3 mm. Rostrum and palpi brown. Antennae with the first segment elongated, light brown with a pale bloom ; second segment brown ; flagellar segments elongate-cylindrical, black, with sparse pale hairs and strong bristles near mid-length of the segments. Head prominent, subtriangular, the eyes being large and semiprotuberent ; space be- tween the eyes rather narrowed ; anterior portion of the vertex with a pale grey bloom, remainder of the head dark grey, passing into brownish on the occiput ; several prominent bristles on the vertex along the inner margin of the eye and another group on the sides of the occiput. Thorax dull brownish-yellow to orange without distinct darker markings. Pleura more yellowish. Halteres light yellow at the base passing into brown toward and on the knob. Legs with the coxae and trochanters light yellow ; femora brown, brighter basally ; tibiae dark brown basally, the remainder broken. Wings with a strong yellowish tinge, the stigma indistinct, pale brown ; costa dark brown ; remaining veins yellowish-brown. Venation (Plate XI, fig. 19), Sc long ending beyond the fork of Bs ; cross-vein r at the tip of R-^ ; basal deflection of Cu l beyond the middle of cell 1st M 2 . Abdominal tergites brownish-yellow, the eighth and ninth segments black ; sternites reddish-yellow ; ovipositor yellowish, the elongate acicular tergal valves directed strongly upward at the tip. Habitat. South Africa. Holotype, $ , Barberton, Transvaal, November, 1911 (H. Edwards). Type in the South African Museum. The structure of the female antennae indicates an elongate organ in the male sex. LIMNOPHILA FRUGI, Bergroth. 1888. Ent. Tidskrift, vol. 9, pp. 137, 138. Two specimens from Natal, a male, Grillets, September, 1915 (Marley), and a specimen of uncertain sex from Krantz Kloof, February, 1915 (Marley). 156 Annals of the South African Museum. This is a well-defined species and, as indicated by Bergroth, related to the Nearctic L. luteipennis, et al. ; the bright yellow colour of the first flagellar segment of the antennae is a conspicuous character. The male specimen offers the following measurements : Length 8'5 mm. : wing 8-8 - 4 mm. The venation is shown on Plate XI, fig. 20. ? LlMNOPHILA DUBIOSA, Sp. 11. Antennae of the male elongated, the flagellum bicolorous ; wings with a heavy brown pattern, with about seven larger blotches along the costal margin ; cell M-^ absent ; a strong supernumerary cross-vein in cell M. Male. Length 6'5 mm. ; wing 7'4 mm. Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae very elongate, but six flagellar .segments remain and the entire organ must be nearly as long as the wing ; scape dark brown ; flagellar segments with the basal half brownish-black, the apical half dull yellow ; scapal segments large, the first segment elongate, the second segment very short, much broader than long ; flagellar segments abruptly narrower than the scape, elongate-cylindrical, without bristles, but with abundant elongate pale outstretched hairs. Eyes small with coarse ommatidia ; space between the eyes very broad. Head discoloured, dark brown. Thorax dull dark brown, any bloom destroyed by discoloration of the type. Pleura dark brown. Halteres elongate, dull brownish- yellow, the knobs brownish. Legs with the coxae and trochanters dark brown ; remainder of the legs broken. Wings pale yellowish-white with a heavy brown pattern, consisting of about seven larger dark brown blotches along the costa, the first at the wing-base, the third at the origin of the sector, the fourth at the tip of Sc^ the fifth, largest, at the tip of R^, the sixth at the tip of R. 2 ; the remainder of the wing is densely spotted and clouded with a paler shade of brown ; veins dark brown, in the paler areas more yellowish. Venation, Sc rather short, ending just before the fork of Rg ; Sc 2 at the tip of Scj ; Rs elongate, arcuated at its origin ; -Bo + s rather long, almost in a line with Rs ; R 2 and R K divergent, widely separated at the wing- margin ; basal deflection of -R 4 + 5 nearer the base of the wings than the r-m cross-vein ; cell M l absent ; basal deflection of Cu-^ under the middle of cell \st .Mo ; a strong supernumerary cross-vein in cell M, this vein slightly subsinuate in its course. Abdomen dark brown, discoloured. Habitat. South Africa. Holotype, <$ , Stellenbosch, near Cape Town, Cape Colony. Type in the South African Museum. The Crane-flies of South Africa (Diptera, Tipulidae). 157 This very interesting fly is, unfortunately, not in good condition, but the well-marked diagonstic characters are such that it will be easily recognised. If the generic reference as given above is correct, then the fly would fall in the sub-genus Idioptera, Macquart (Suit, a Buff on, vol. 1, p. 94, 1834), the described species of which are Holarctic in their distribution. SUB-FAMILY TIPULIK'AB. TRIBE DOLICHOPEZINI. GEN. DOLICHOPEZA, Curtis. 1825. Brit. Entomol., p. 62. SUB-GEN. TEICHODOLICHOPEZA, sub-gen. 11. Differs from Dolichopeza s.s., as follows : Wings with a black pubescence in all the apical cells from R l to Cu Y Type of the sub-genus. Dolichopeza (Trichodolichopeza) hirtipennis, sp. n. DOLICHOPEZA (TRICHODOLICHOPEZA) HIRTIPENNIS, sp. 11. Head dark brownish-black with a greyish bloom ; thorax buff with three dark brown stripes ; wings pale grey with a prominent stigma ; numerous short hairs in all the apical cells of the wings ; tarsi brown. Male.' Length 9'8 mm. ; wing 12'8 mm. Female. Length 9'1 mm. : wing 10 - 4 mm. Male. Frontal prolongation of the head light yellow, the dorso- median line, including the uasus, dark brown. Antennae of moderate length, the first segment dull yellow, a little darkened toward the tip ; second segment bright yellow ; flagellum black ; first flagellar segment elongated, cylindrical, with numerous scattered bristles : remaining segments of the flagellum with a sub-basal verticil of stout black bristles. Eyes with fine ommatidia, rather widely separated ; vertex with a low protuberance, the latter with the front orange-yellow, remainder of the head dark brownish-black with a brownish-grey bloom. Prouotum buff with a broad dark brown median line. Mesonotal praescutum pale yellowish-buff with three dark brown stripes, the median one broadest in front, more narrowed behind ; lateral stripes short, narrowed in front ; pseudosutural fovea deep, surrounded by a brown blotch and with another brown mark from the fovea to the lateral margin of the sclerite ; about a dozen scattered black hairs in the area just in front of the foeva ; scutum buff medially, the lobes 158 Annals of the South African Museum. dark brown, especially inwardly ; scutellum and postnotum yellowish- huff, the latter sparsely pale polliuose. Pleura pale whitish with brown spots. Halteres slender, pale yellow, darkened toward the knob, which is yellowish at the tip. Legs with the coxae pale with a sparse whitish bloom : trochauters yellow ; femora dull brownish- yellow, darkened towards the tips ; tibiae and tarsi dark brown. Wings with a pale grey tinge, more whitish subhyaline on the apical half ; costal cell pale brownish-yellow ; stigma prominent, rectangular, dark brown ; tip of the wing iufuscated ; brown seams along the cord and the veins excepting M and \st A ; a large white blotch before and beyond the stigma and the whole area distad of the basal deflection of Cu-i whitish subhyaliue ; veins dark brown, excepting Bs, R\ between the origin of the sector and the stigma and the fork of M which are light yellowish-orange ; numerous hairs in all the apical cells of the wings. Venation (Plate XI, fig. 21), Rs short, oblique, tip of B. 2 atrophied ; fused portion of Cu-^ and M, that portion of M between r-in and the first fork, and the petiole of -M\-j- 3 all subequal or the second a little longer. Abdomen yellowish-orange, the tergites with the caudal half of each -i'jmt-nt brownish-black ; sternites more uniformly yellow. Female. Similar to the male, but the antennae shorter and the frontal prolongation of the head without the distinct, narrow, median brown line. Habitat. South Africa. Holotype, J , Hottentot-Hollands Mountains, altitude 4000 ft., Caledon, Cape Colony, 1915 (Barnard). Allotype, $ , Wiuterhoek Mountains, Tulbagh, Cape Colony, altitude 3600 ft.', April, 1916 (E. M. L.). Type in the South African Museum. i GEN. MEGISTOCERA, Wiedemann. 1828. Aussereur. Zweifl. Ins., vol. 1, p. 55. MEGISTOCERA BICAUDA, Speiser. 1909. Dem Kilimaud., dem Meru Exped., Dipt. 10, Orthorr. 4, pp. 53, 54. One female, Dunbrody, Blue Cliff, Cape Colony, April 2nd, 1912, agrees well with Speiser's description of the species, but the general coloration of the fly is much darker than stated by Dr. Speiser, the chestnut-brown shades, as described, being very dark brown. In spite of these slight differences I believe it to be the same species ; the cloudings on the wings are also a little more extensive than indicated The Crane-flies of South Africa (Dipt era, Tipulidae). 159 for typical bicauda ; the second pair of " tails " described by Dr. Speiser are presumably the sternal valves of the ovipositor. The female specimen offers the following measurements : Length 13 - 3 mm.; wing 2O2 mm.; fore femur 9'7 mm; hind lemur 15 mm. The abdomen in the specimen at hand is greatly shortened, the inter- mediate segments being crowded and telescoped together, the terminal segment (Plate XIII, fig. 42) elongate, cylindrical-tubular, the tergal valves rather short, curved gently upwards, the apices acute ; sternal valves shorter, straight, and high, the apices rounded to subacute ; along the dorsal margin a groove containing tufts of long pale hairs ; viewed from above the tergal valves are strongly divergent apically, the sternal valves nearly parallel. The wing venation is shown ju Plate XI, tig. 23 ; the colour of the membrane is the peculiar whitish tinge characteristic of the genus ; the apex and the margin around to the first anal vein is indistinctly and very faintly tinged with dusky, small pale brown clouds as follows : origin of the sector ; r-m cross- vein ; apex of CK* and second anal. MEGISTOCERA HIRSUTA, sp. n. Thoracic praescutum greyish-yellow with four brownish-grey stripes ; thorax with a dense covering of long, pale hairs ; wings without dark markings. Male. Length 15 mm. ; wing 20 mm. Frontal prolongation of the head moderately long, shiny, shorter than the first anteuual segment in this sex, brownish-yellow, nasus distinct ; palpi yellowish, darkened towards their tips. Antennae with the scapal segments brownish-yellow, the first segment greatly enlarged, the flagellum broken. Head greyish-yellow with a broad median chestnut area. Thoracic dorsum greyish-yellow, the praescutum with four brownish- grey stripes of which the median pair are the longest ; the thoracic interspaces are reddish ; remainder of the thorax pale whitish, the scutellum and postnotum with a delicate reddish median line. Thorax with a dense covering of long, pale, erect hairs. Pleura pale with a greyish-white bloom. Halteres slender, brown, yellowish at the extreme base. Legs with the coxae very small, whitish ; trochanters dull yellow ; femora dull yellow, the extreme tip narrowly dark brown ; tibiae similar, the apices brown ; tarsi brownish-yellow. Wings with the peculiar whitish tinge characteristic of the genus, without seams or darker markings on the veins or at the wing-tip. Venation as in Plate XI, fig. 24 ; the stigma is of a much paler shade of brown than in biciunlii, the second anal cell much larger, vein (7?t 1 more sprawly, etc. 11 160 Annals of the South African Museum. Abdominal tergites chestnut-brown, sublaterally much paler, light greyish -buff ; segment one and most of segment two with a narrow dark brown lateral line ; segments three to eight with a pale greyish- buff triangular spot at the base of each segment, the apex of the triangle directed caudad. Habitat. Portuguese East Africa. Holotype, <$ , Quelimane, Loureu9o Marquez, December 20th, 1908 (C. W. Howard). Type in the collection of the United States National Museum, the species being added here to complete the data. This fly differs from all of the described African species in the con- spicuous erect hairs on the thorax. GEN. LEPTOTIPULA, gen. n. Frontal prolongation of the head moderately prominent, uasus distinct. Antennae of the male elongate, 12-segmented, the first and third segments subequal in length ; flagellar segments very elongated, cylindrical, the first flagellar segment shortest, thence gradually increasing in length to the fifth, and then shortened to the tip. Tibiae with short spurs. Wings with JB 2 oblique ; cross -vein r short ; a long fusion of Cu-^ and M. A , this distance equal to the length of cell 1st Me, ; second anal vein short. Genotype, Leptotipula limnophiloides, sp. u. (Southern Ethiopian region). The long fusion of Cu } and M. A is a Limnobiiue character and quite unexpected in this sub-family. In Dolicliopeza and Neplirotoma long fusions may occur, but they are between Cu^ and M. LEPTOTIPULA LIMNOPHILOIDES, sp. n. Antennae elongated ; femora black at the tip with a yellow sub- terminal annulus ; wings with a distinct brown stigma ; veins (?, and MX fused for the length of cell 1st M z . Male. Length 7'6 mm. ; wing 8'2 mm. ; antennae about 4'8 mm. Frontal prolongation of the head rather prominent, brown, the entire dorsal half abruptly light yellow ; a distinct uasus with numerous pale yellow hairs : palpi dark brown. Antennae elongated, the three basal segments brownish-yellow, the remainder dark brown ; first flagellar segment short, about as long as the first scapal segment ; remaining segments of the flagellum exceedingly elongated, slender, with abundant pale outstretched hairs and scattered black bristles. Head broad, the eyes large with fine ommatidia ; a low tubercle on the The Crane-flies of South Africa (Diptera, Tipulidae). 161 vertex, this with a deep median furrow ; head yellowish-brown with an indistinct narrow darker median line. Thorax dull brownish-yellow with three rather indistinct brown stripes on the praescutum ; scutum and postuotum brown, the scutellum more yellowish. Pleura yellow, the mesopleura largely brown with a sparse pale bloom. Halteres elongated, pale yellowish, the bases of the knobs dark brown, the apices brighter. Legs with the coxae small, greyish-yellow with a bloom ; trochanters yellow suffused with brown ; femora brown, paler at the extreme base, the tip black, a subequal pale yellow ring just before the tip ; tibiae dark brown, the tips narrowly darker ; tarsi dark brown ; tibial spurs very short. Wings with the basal half pale greyish, the apical half more hyaline ; stigma prominent, rectangular, dark brown ; pale brown marks at the base of M, origin and fork of Rs and along the basal deflection of Cu^ ; tip of the wing in cell E 2 a little darkened ; a narrow hyaline streak in cell R just before the bend in the sector ; base of the wing more hyaline. Venation (Plate XI. fig. 22), Sc 2 entering R^ just beyond the fork of Rs ; Rs rather long, angulated and spurred at its origin ; cell R* large, vein R% oblique, the radial cross-vein somewhat indistinct ; vein M strongly arcuated just before its fork ; basal deflection of Cu-^ at the fork of M and fused with M^ for a distance about equal to the deflection of Cu^ alone ; second anal rather short and straight. Abdomen with the basal tergites pale yellow, the second segment with the intermediate portion dark brown ; third to sixth tergites blackish basally, the apices broadly silvery ; a large yellowish sub- apical area ; seventh segment largely yellow ; eighth and ninth seg- ments black ; sternites dark brown, the caudal margins broadly silvery; third to sixth sternites with a narrow linear yellow mark on the mid-line and a yellowish subterminal area ; eighth and ninth segments dark brown. Male hypopygium with the ninth tergite black, the sclerite arched so that the caudal margin (Plate XIV, fig. 54) appears to be very broadly V-shaped ; the dorsal surface with numerous black semi-appressed hairs. Ninth pleuro-stemite exten- sive, profoundly incised beneath on the mid-ventral line, projecting beyond the caudal margin of the ninth tergite, the surface with numerous long hairs ; pleural appendages two (Plate XIII, fig. 43), the outer one slender, the extreme base narrowed, the knob elongate with a very few scattered hairs ; inner appendage compressed, ending in a slender, finger-like lobe that projects into the notch of the tergite, the outer margin of the sclerite with numerous outstretched black hairs giving a hystriciform appearance to the appendage. 162 Annals of the South African Museum. Habitat. South Africa. Holotype, $ , Clairmont, Natal, August, 1915 (Marley)- Type in the South African Museum. TKJBE TIPULINI. GEN. LONGUEIO, Loew. 1869. Berlin. Entomol. Zeitschr., vol. 13, p. 3. LONGURIO MINUSCULUS, sp. 11. Head black with a greyish-brown bloom ; thorax orange-yellow, unmarked ; abdomen brownish, the basal segments and the hypo- pygium yellowish. Male.. Length 8' 2-9 -6 mm. ; wing 8-8-1O3 mm. Frontal prolongation . of the head moderate in length, yellowish- brown, the mid-dorsal region darker, the nasus present, with elongate hairs ; palpi dark brown. Antennae short, the scape yellowish, the flagellum dark brownish-black ; first segment as long as the succeeding two together ; second segment pyriform ; first flagellar segment enlarged, elongate-pyriform, the remaining segments gradually narrowed and more slender ; hairs on the flagellum very short. Head black with a greyish-brown bloom, the front yellowish, this colour continued on to the vertex along the inner margin of the eyes ; ventral sclerites of the head yellowish ; sometimes the occiput is dull yellow. Thorax orange-yellow without markings, the pleura more yellowish. Halteres long and slender, brown, the knob darker. Legs with the coxae and trochanters yellow ; femora and tibiae yellow, darkened towards their tips ; tarsi dark brown. Wings light grey, the costal region yellowish ; stigma small, greyish-yellow ; veins brown, Vena- tion (Plate XI, fig. 26), petiole of cell M } about one-half the length of vein M l alone. Abdomen with tin- b;isal tergites yellowish, more brown medially ; on segments three to eight dark brown, more yellowish sublaterally ; sternites dull yellow, the eighth segment brown ; hypopygium dull yellow. Male hypopygium (Plate XIII, fig. 51) of the typical Longurio structure, the ninth tergite (Plate XIV, fig. 56) small, deeply incised by a U-shaped notch, the lateral lobes slender, subacute at their tips ; the ninth sterno-pleurite moderately elongated, bearing at its apex the pleural appendages that are beset by numbers of short black spicules ; these appendages in a position of rest lie in the dorsal con- cavity of the ninth steruo-pleurite. The Crane-flies of South Africa (Diptera, Tipididae). 163 Habitat. South Africa. Holotype, <$ , Hottentot-Hollands Mountains, altitude 4000 ft., Caledon, Cape Colony, 1915 (Barnard). Paratopotypes, 3 c? c? c? Type in the South African Museum. LONGURIO BONAE SPEI, Bei'yroth. o 1888. But, Tidskrift, vol. 9, pp. 138, 139 (Tipula). A male specimen, without locality, but Berg-roth's original descrip- tion gives Stellenbosch, near Cape Town. The fly gives the following measurements : Length 10'2 mm. ; wing 12'3 mm. ; middle leg, femur 7'o mm. ; tibia 8'6 mm. ; hind leg, femur 9-1 mm. ; tibia 1T4 mm. The male hypopygium (Plate XIII, fig. 48) has the ninth tergite (Plate XIV, fig. -55) rather short with a deep U-shaped median notch, dark brown,' the margin more yellowish ; the lobes with appressed black hairs that are directed cephalad ; lateral lobes broad at their apices. Ninth sterno-pleurite elongated, about two times the length of the tergite, conical in lateral aspect, profoundly incised on the median line beneath; pleural appendages elongated, lying in the dorsal concavity of the sclerite, bearing along the dorsal edge a series of about five or six .sharp black spines that are directed strongly cephalad ; these spines are situated on the sharp edge of the appendage and in alignment. Bergroth, in his original description of this species, discussed in gvneral terms the peculiar structure of the hypopygium without giving any intimation that it agreed with that of Lonc/urio. The general .appearance of the fly is very similar to certain Nearctic species of Tqmla of the tricolor group (especially eluta, Loew), but the structure of the male hypopygium as described above seems to indicate that the present generic reference is more nearly correct. The genotype, Lniiyurio testaceu*, Loew (North-Eastern Nearctic region), has a hypopygium of the same structure, the short notched tergite and the greatly produced ninth sterno-pleurite bearing the compressed pleural appendages on their dorsal face 'and jutting into the tergal notch, together with the profound incision of the sterno-pleurite beneath, .so that the sclerite is completely bisected. GEN. CTENACROSCELIS, Euderlein. 1912. Zool. Jahrb., vol. 32, pt, 1, pp. 1, 2. CTENACROSCELIS ALBOVITTATUS, Macquart. 1838. Dipteres Exotiq., vol. 1, pt. 1, p. 53 (Tlpula). This handsome crane-fly has an extensive range throughout the southern half of Africa and the adjacent islands Mauritius (Mac- 164 Annals of the South African Museum. quart); Eeunion (Loew) ; Madagascar (Bigot) ; Caffraria (Bergroth) ; Kilimandjaro (Speiser). The following records are contained in the material at hand : 9, Natal, Krantz Kloof, February, 1916 (Marley), bearing the number 852. c, Zululaud, M'fongosi, February, 1912 (W. E. Jones). 9 , Southern Rhodesia, Que Que (Bultitude) ; ? , Salisbury, May 12th, 1914. The specimens give the following measurements : Male. Length 17 mm.; wing 20'5 mm.; middle leg, femur 13'3 mm. ; tibia 13'8 mm. ; hind leg, femur 13'8 mm. ; tibia 15 mm. Female. Length 24 mm. ; wing 21 mm. The wing is shown on Plate XI, fig. 27. The male hypopygium has the ninth tergite (Plate XIV, fig. 57) elongate, slightly narrowed toward the tip, deeply split by a narrow V-shaped notch, the adjacent lobes slender, rounded at their tips , the dorsal surface with an abundance of delicate appressed hairs. GEN. TIPULA, Linnaeus. 1758. Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 585. TIPULA CHIONOIDES, sp. n. Subapterous, at least in the female sex ; uasus bifid at the apex ; coloration dark brown ; legs short. Female. Length 15 mm. ; wing '9 mm. ; fore legs, femur 3'7 mm. ; tibia 4'2 mm. ; tarsus 4'6 mm. ; hind legs, femur 5 - 5 mm. ; tibia 6'1 mm. ; tarsus about 6'5 mm. Frontal prolongation of the head rather elongate, dark brown, the apex deeply bifid by a U-shaped notch (Plate XIII, fig. 44), producing two nasiform projections, each of which is armed with numerous strong bristles ; palpi short, dark brown, the terminal segment not elongated. Antennae with the two. basal segments dark brown, the flagellar segments dull yellowish ; first scapal segment elongate- cylindrical ; the second short-globular ; flagellar segments short- cylindrical. Head dark brown with a strong median tubercle on the vertex just behind the anteunal bases. Thorax dark brown with a sparse yellowish pollen, but without distinct stripes ; pleura dark brown with a sparse yellowish-brown bloom. Halteres with the knob elongated, dark brown throughout. Legs with the coxae powerful, elongate, dark brown ; trochauters similar in colour ; femora very short, especially the anterior pair, incrassate, dark brown ; tibiae and tarsi dark brown. Wings very The Crane-flies of South Africa (Diptera, Tipulidae). 165 reduced, less than a millimetre in length and not exceeding the halteres, extending to the base of the abdomen ; they are somewhat curved, dark brown basally, more yellowish apically, venation in- distinct. Abdominal tergites rather dark brown with numerous large black blotches, and with abundant scattered yellowish appressed hairs, and black rectangular areas of close-set impressed punctures lying trans- versely across the sclerites ; on segment two they are about mid- length of the segment and interrupted medially and two small areas on either side near the caudal margin ; segments three to seven with the broad transverse bands sub-basal in position, interrupted FIG. 2. Tipula rhionoides, sp. n. Lateral aspect, with the middle leg removed. medially and with two small areas on either side of the median line and near the caudal margin of the sclerite ; steruites brown with darker brownish-black blotches and with impressed punctured areas arranged about as on the tergites ; ovipositor with the tergal valves elongate, obtuse at their tips ; sternal valves much shorter, more acute at the tips. Habitat. South Africa. Holotype, 9 , South Africa,- the exact station unknown. Type in the South African Museum. The general habit of the insect is shown in fig. 2. The genus Icriomastax, Euderlein (Zool. Jahrb., vol. 32, pt. 1, p. 9, 1912), established for the Brazilian I. ocellata, Enderlein, is the only other crane-flv known to me in which the uasus is bifid. 166 Annals of the 8o^lth African Museum. TIPULA SOROR, Wiedemann. 1821. Diptera Exotica, vol. 1, p. 24. 1828. Aussereur. Zweifl. lus., vol. 1, p. 46. There are two specimens ill the collection, a male without exact locality, and Bergroth's specimen (No. 2), a female from Cape Town. The specimens give the following measurements : Hale. Length 18*6 mm. ; wing 19'1 mm. Female. Length 23'5 mm. ; wing 19'2 mm. ; fore leg of female, femur 8'5 mm. ; tibia 10 mm. ; middle leg, femur 10 mm. ; tibia 10'2 mm. ; hind leg, femur 12 mm. ; tibia 14'1 mm. The antennae are short, light yellow, the basal enlargement of the ilagellar segments with four black verticils. The wings are shown on Plate XII, fig. 28. Male hypopygium (Plate XIII, fig. 49) with the sclerites of the ninth segment fused into a ring, continuous except on the mid-ventral line of the sternite, where the edges are contiguous and carinate ; pleural suture short, almost straight, slightly upcurved at the end. Ninth tergite (Plate XIV, fig. 58) moderate in size, the caudal margin concave with a very broad median lobe, whose caudal margin is squarely truncated and bifid for a short distance by a deep line ; the caudal dorsal margin with numerous small black spicules ; a shallow semicircular depression at the base of the median lobe. Outer pleural appendage very broad and flat, pale, almost white, the apex somewhat obliquely truncated, the outer face with short, appressed hairs that are most numerous at the cephalic dorsal angle of the lobe ; inner pleural appendage showing through the translucent outer appendage as figured, complex, flattened, the apex produced into a slender darkened tip ; a small tuft of yellowish hairs on the margin of the steruite just ventrad of the pleural suture. TIPULA ZAMBEZIENSIS, sp. n. Coloration orange-yellow; wings yellowish-grey, the costal region more saturated ; male hypopygium with the sclerites of the ninth segment fused into a ring, the tergite with two divergent flattened horns on the caudal margin. Male. Length about 14 mm. ; wing 14'4 mm. Female. Length about 21 mm. ; wing 15'8 mm. Frontal prolongation of the head yellowish-orange, the uasus elongate, slender ; palpi dark brown. Antennae with the scape dull orange ; flagellum brown, the basal swellings of the segments darker brown ; flagellar segments elongate-cylindrical, very slender, with long The Crane-flies of South Africa (Diptera, Tipulidae). 167 verticils. Head deep brownish-orange without distinct darker markings. Mesonotal praescutum dull orange-yellow with four stripes that are mottled orange and dark brown, the elongate middle pair almost con- tinuous along the median line, the lateral stripes lying very close to the central pair ; scutum light yellow with a greenish tinge, each lobe with two dark marks, the larger one lying caudally and nearer the median line ; scutellum and postnotum dull yellow, the latter with a strong greenish tinge. Pleura clear light yellow, unmarked. Halteres dark brown. Legs with the coxae and trochanters light yellow ; femora yellowish-brown, the tips darker brown ; tibiae light brown, the tips narrowly darker brown ; tarsi dark brown. Wings with a yellowish-grey tinge, the costal region and the stigma yellowish ; veins dark brown. Venation ( Plate XII, fig. 29)', Rs short, straight, oblique ; cells R z very small. Abdomen with the basal segments light yellow, suit-basal segments dull yellow, indistinctly and narrowly trivittate with dark brown, the segments soon passing into a more uniform brownish. Male hypopy- gium (Plate XIII, fig. 53) with thesclerites of the ninth segment fused into a continuous ring except on the mid-ventral line of the sternite. Region of the ninth tergite (Plate XIV, fig. 59) with the median area slightly projecting caudad and bearing on either side of the median line a flattened subacute lobe, the space between these horns U-shaped and a little less than the diameter of a single horn ; the horns divergent. Outer pleural appendage a broad flattened pale lobe that is obliquely truncated at the apex, and the outer face with rather sparse sub- appressed black bristles ; inner pleural appendage more complex, consisting of a long finger-like lobe that projects cephalad, the caudal edge with a fringe of long yellow bristles. Region of the ninth sternite extensive, carinate on the mid-ventral line, the edges closely approxi- mated. Eighth sternite unarmed. The female has the thoracic stripes indistinct, the abdominal segments yellowish-brown, indistinctly and narrowly trivittate with darker brown ; j mm. ; antennae about 9 mm. Frontal prolongation of the head short, yellow ; palpi brown, the extreme tip of the last segment yellowish. Antennae with the first scapal segment orange ; flagellar segments with the basal enlargement light brown, the pedicels brownish-yellow ; flagellar segments elon- gated, rather deeply incised beneath. Head yellow on the front and The Crane-flies of South, Africa (Diptera, Tipulidae). 175 genae, more saturated, orauge-yellow, ou the vertex and occiput ; occipital mark not apparent. Pronotum brownish-orange. Mesonotal praescutum brownish- yellow with three shiny black or brownish-black stripes that are nearly confluent ; middle stripe broadest in front, narrowed to an indistinct point behind, indistinctly split by a reddish line ; anterior ends of the lateral stripes capped by an opaque black mark ; scutum brown with the lobes darker ; scutellum and postnotum brownish-yellow, the latter more brightened. Pleura marked with yellow and reddish-brown. Halteres light brown, the knobs darker brown. Legs with the coxae yellowish-brown provided with numerous long yellow hairs ; tro- chanters dull yellow ; femora dull brownish-yellow, narrowly tipped with dark brown ; tibiae yellowish-brown, darkened at their apices ; tarsi broken. Wings with a strong brownish-yellow tinge, the costal cell very little brighter ; stigma oval, dark brown ; apex of the wings and vein On a little inf uscated ; a broad seam along the basal deflection of -B 4 + 5 and r-m. Venation (Plate XII, fig. 36), Rs short, oblique; cell M t sessile ; fusion of (7tt 1 with M before the fork of the latter vein. Abdominal tergites dull brownish-yellow, the lateral margins of the segments broadly blackish ; on the sixth to eighth segments broader and including the caudal margins of the segments ; hypopygium yellowish ; steruites six and seven and the lateral portions of eight black, the remainder orange-yellow. Male hypopygium (Plate XIV, fig. 63) with the ninth tergite dull yellow, with the caudal margin deeply rounded by a U-shaped notch, the caudal margin chitiuised ; pleural suture elongate, curved slightly dorsad at its tip ; outer pleural appendage not large, the apex not produced, rather blunt. Abdomen with rather dense yellow hairs, on the basal segments short and appressed, longer toward the tip of the organ, on the eighth stern ite very conspicuous. Habitat, South Africa. Holotype, ^ , St. Matthew's, King William's Town District, South- east Cape Colony, 1894 (E. Lightfoot). Type in the South African Museum. NEPHROTOMA UNICINGULATA, sp. u. Autennal flagellum dark brown ; head light yellow ; thorax with black stripes, scutellum and postuotum pale ; abdomen unmarked on the mid-dorsal line, but with a black subterminal ring ; wings pale yellowish with a slight suffusion at the apex and a seam on the basal deflection of R 4 + - a ; extreme apices of cells R- 3 and M^ sparsely pubescent. 12 176 Annals of the South African Museum. Male. Length 13'7 mm. ; wing 15 mm. Fetnnle. Length 21 mm. ; wing 16 - 5 mm. Frontal prolongation of the head very short, light yellow, the nasus elongate ; palpi pale brown. Antennae moderately elongated ; scape yellow ; flagellar segments dark brown toward the tip of the organ ; basal swelling of the individual segments a little darker than the pedicels ; segments of the flagellum a little constricted beyond the base. Head light yellow; frontal tubercle low, entire, at its base along the inner margin of the eyes a small brown spot; occipital blotch elongate-triangular, dark brown. Pronotuin clear, light yellow dorsally, unmarked. Mesouotal prae- scutum dull yellow with three black shiny stripes ; lateral stripes curved outwards at their anterior ends; scutal lobes shiny black; scutellum and postnotum dull yellow, brownish black on the sides, slightly darkened caudally. Pleura pale with a whitish cast, indistinctly marked with yellow ; an elongate dark brown mark on the propleura. Halteres yellow, the knobs brown with the apices paler. Legs with the coxae pale yellow ; trochauters and femora dull yellow, the latter broadly dark brown at their tips ; tibiae and tarsi dark brown. Wings with a yellowish or greyish-yellow tinge, the costal cell a little brighter ; stigma distinct, oval, dark brown ; a brown seam along the basal de- flection of .B.J.+.-, and at the tip of the wing in cells R.^ and _R- ; a sparse short pubescence in the apices of cells jR 5 and M l and on the stigma. Venation as on Plate XII, fig. 37. Abdomen light yellow, the basal third of the first tergite brownish ; a black baud near the tip of the abdomen, including all of segment seven, the apex of the sixth tergite, the extreme base of the eighth tergite and the eighth sternite ; an indistinct brownish spot on the extreme lateral margins of the basal segments ; hypopygium yellow. Male hypopygium with the ninth tergite (Plate XIV, fig. 65) rather short, broad ; caudal margin with a U-shaped notch, lateral angles beneath produced into blunt darkened lobes that are roughened and caruuculated ; caudal margin of the incision beneath is darkened, provided with numerous small acute teeth ; a small rounded median notch ; pleural suture prominent, curved strongly dorsad at its tip ; outer pleural appendage pale, elongated, the tip attenuated. In the female the black abdominal band occupies the seventh and the apical two-thirds of the sixth tergites, and the lateral margins of the tergites are broadly dark brown, folded over the sternites ; valves of the ovipositor slender. Habitat. South Africa. Holotype, f era (fciii/iedn) liO'iae spei sp. n. 12. Wing of E (Eri'jp/ern j jit-rini/Hft/i Bergroth. 13 Wing of Trimicra inconxpicua Loew. 14. Wing of Podoneura anthracoyramma Bergroth. PLATE XI. FIG. 15. Wing of Gnophotiyia elegans Wiederaann. 16. Wing of Gonomyia (G-ononii/ia) spuria Bergroth. 17. Wing of Gr. (Gonomyella) natulmsis sp. n. 18 Wing of G. (G.) brevifurca sp. n. J9. Wing of Limnophi/a trannvaalica sp. n. 20. Wing of L.frtiyl Bergroth. 21. Wing of Dolichopeza (Trichudolichopeza) hirtipciinis sp. n 22. Wing of fsititotipiila Urn nopfiii tides sp. n. 23. Wing of Meqistoi-em hicaii'ift Speiser. 24. -Wing of M. hirsuta sp. n. 25. Wing of Linigui-io bimae -i/id Bergroth. 26. Wing of L. minu.tnu/us sp. n. 27. Wing of Cteiiacroscelis albocittatux Macquart. PLATE XII. FIG. 28. Wing of Tipuia xorar Wiedeinann. 29. Wing of T. Zambezi ens is sp. n. 30. Wing of T. pompom Bergroth. 31. Wing of T.jocoxa sp. n. 32. Wing of T. coronata sp. n. 182 Annals of the Soiith African Museum. 33. Wing of T. caffra sp. n. 34. Wing of Nephrotoma umbripennis sp. n. 35. Wing of N. edivardsi sp. n. 36. Wing of 2V. strenua sp. n. 37. Wing of N. unicingulata sp. n. 38. Wing of N. antennata Wiedemaiin. 39. Wing of N. tigrina sp. n. 40. Wing of N. tincta Walker. 41. Wing of N. petiolata Macquart. PLATE XIII. 42. Ovipositor of Megistocera bicatida Speiser ; lateral aspect. 43. Hypopygium of Leptotipula Umnophiloide* ; lateral aspect; 8 t, 9 / = tergites ; 9 pi. st. = pleuro-sternite. 44. End of nasus of Tipula chionoides ; dorsal aspect. 45. Hypopygium of Platylimnobia barnardi sp. n. ; dorsal aspect of the pleurite. 46. Hypopygium of Styringomyia vittata ; dorsal aspect. 47. Hypopygium of 5. vittata ; ventral aspect. 48. Hypopygium of Longurio bonae spei ; lateral aspect. Lettering as in fig. 43. 49. Hypopygium of Tipula nor or ; lateral aspect. Lettering as in fig. 43. 50. Hypopygium of T. coronata ; dorsal aspect of the pleural appendages. 51. Hypopygium of Longurio min usculus ; lateral aspect. Lettering as in fig. 43. 52. Hypopygium of Tipula pomoosa ; lateral aspect. 53. Hypopygium of T. zambezienxis ; lateral aspect. FIG PLATE XIV. 54. Hypopygium of Leptotipula limnophiloidts ; ninth tergite, dorsal aspect. 55. Hypopygium of Longurio bonae spei ; ninth tergite, dorsal aspect. 56. Hypopygium of L. minusculus ; ninth tergite, dorsal aspect. 57. Hypopygium of Cttnacroscelis albovittalu* ; ninth tergite, dorsal aspect. 58. Hypopygium of Tipula soror ; ninth tergite, dorsal aspect. 59. Hypopygium of T. zambezienxis ninth tergite, dorsal aspect. 60. Hypopygium of T.pomposa : ninth tergite, dorsal aspect. 61. Hypopygium of T. coronata ; ninth tergite, dorsal aspect. 62. Hypopygium of Nephrotoma umbripennis ; ninth tergite, dorsal aspect. 63. Hypopygium of IV. strenua ; ninth tergite, dorsal aspect. 64. Hypopygium of N. antennata ; ninth tergite, dorsal aspect. 65. Hypopygium of N. unicingulata ; ninth tergite, dorsal aspect. 66. Hypopygium of N. tincta ; ninth tergite, dorsal aspect. ^7. Hypopygium of N. tigrina ; ninth tergite, dorsal aspect. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. Vol. XVII. Plate X. 14 13 A,ll,ir,l j- Son Jf- If'est Newman. Ltd. Plate XI. I, //,//-./ ,i .v-i// .( II', xt Newman, T.iil. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. Vol. XVII. I 'late XII. 39 .lill,n;l it- .Vn ,f- ll",.v/ Xfirtuan, Ltd. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. Vol. XVII. Plate XIII. 53 Aillnnl .( .S'IIH ,1 MVx/ .V---j/iH, Ann. S. Afr. Mus. Vol. XVII. Plate XIV. .l,ll:ir,l .! Son .f West Neirmuu, Lf,t. (183) INDEX. A at'ra (Rhipidia) . albovittatus (Ctenacroscelis) antennata (Nephrotoma) anthracogramma ( Podoneura) Antochini Atarba . aurantiaca ( Elephantomyia) B barnardi (Platylimnobia) . bicauda (Megistocera) bonae spei (Erioptera) bonae spei (Longurio) brevifurca (Gonomyella) . caffra ( Tipula) capensis (Atarba) capensis (Libnotes) capensis (Ptychoptera) capensis (Rhamphidia) chionoides (Tipula) Conosia coronata (Tipula) Ctenacroscelis D Dicranomyia Dolichopeza Dolichopezini dubiosa (Limnophila) E edwardsi (Nephrotoma) elegans (Gnophomyia) Elephantomyia . Empeda Erioptera Eriopterini . exornata (Mongoma) . PAGE F PAGE 143 frugi (Limnophila) 155 163 177 G 151 145 Gnophomyia 151 Gononiyella (Gonomyia) 152 146 Gonomyia ... 151 H hirsuta (Megistocera) . 159 150 hirtipennis (Trichodolichopeza) . 157 158 148 I 163 153 inconspicua (Trimiera) 149 irrorata (Conosia) 154 J 171 147 jocosa (Tipula) . 168 143 139 L 145 Le;>totipula (Tipulidae Dolicho- 164 pezini) . 160 154 Libiiotes 143 169 lightfooti (Dicranomyia) . 140 163 LIMNOBIINAE. 140 Limnobiini . 140 Limnophila . 155 140 Liuinophilini 155 157 limnophiloides (Leptotipula) 160 157 Longurio .... 162 156 M marleyi (Dicranomyia) 142 173 Megistocera minusculus (Longurio) 158 162 146 Mongoma 154 148 N 148 148 natalensis (Gonomyella) . 152 154 Nephrotoma 172 184 Annals of the South African Museum. P PAGE P achy r rhino, 172 peringueyi (Dicranomyia) . . 142 peringueyi (Erioptera) . . 149 petiolata (Nephrotoma) . . 179 Platylimnobia (Tipulidae Erio- pterini) . .149 Podoneura . . .151 pomposa (Tipula) . 168 Ptychoptera 139 Ptychopteridae . . 139 R Rhamphidia Rhipidia soroi' (Tipiila) spuria (G-onomyia) strenua (Nephrotoma) Styringomyia tigrina (Nephrotoma) tincta (Nephrotoma) . 145 143 166 151 174 147 177 179 Tipula . TIPULIDAE Tipulinae ... Tipulini tipulipes (Dicranomyia) transvaalica (Limnophila) . Trichodolichopeza (Dolichopeza) Trimicra U umbripennis (Nephrotoma) unicingulata (Nephrotoma) vittata (Styringomyia) W wahlbergi (Elephantomyia) Z zambeziensis (Tipula) PAGE 164 140 157 162 141 155 157 149 172 175 147 146 166 ( 135 ) 6. Description of an apparently U ml escribed Moth of the Fantili/ LYMANTEIADAE (Le/ii^njif, ni ). By A. J. T. JANSE. GKN. OLAPA, \V1I<. 1764. List Lep. Br. Mus., vii, p. 1856. OLAPA NIGRIBASIS, u. sp. . Head, shaft of aiiteimae, abdomeu above and on underside, and legs maize-yellow (iv) ; hairs on tegulae and patagia maize- yellow mixed with orange-buff hairs (iii) ; hairs on frous, femora and tibiae of forelegs, and on tibiae of midlegs orange-buff ; hairs of palpi and those round the eyes black ; fore-femora outerside of tibiae, and nearly the whole of the tarsi black ; mid-femora with a few black hairs on tibiae, spurs and tarsi black on the outerside ; hind-tibiae with a few black hairs at end, spurs streaked with black, tarsi black on the outer-, orange-buff on the inner-side ; branches of antennae ochra- ceous-buff (sv), each ending in two bristles. Upperside of forewiug whitish, costal and inner marginal area broadly tinted with sulphur-yellow (v) ; base of costa narrowly edged with black for about one- fourth ; black scales just beyond discocellula between veins 4 and 5, 6 and 7 ; cilia ivory-yellow (xxx) ; hindwing and its cilia quite white. Underside of both wings white, with the costal area thinly covered with sulphur-yellow hairs. Habitat. One specimen from Salisbury (Dr. Gr. M. Melle). In the- collection of the South African Museum. Exp. 46 mm. This species is very closely allied to 0. flabellaris, from which it can easily be distinguished by the black scales on the forewing and also its black costa. (187) 7. Two Species of Bittacidae (Neuropterob) from South Africa. By P. ESBEN-PETERSEN. With 4 Text-figs. AMONGST a few specimens of Bittacidae belonging to the South African Museum and forwarded to me for determination by the Director, Dr. Peringuey, I found a new and undescribed species, together with a single specimen of a species hitherto only known from the type-specimen in the British Museum. I give here a description of both species. BlTTACUS SELYSI, 11. sp. Head yellowish-brown. Rostrum yellowish-brown with a black longitudinal streak at each side and below the eye ; at the base of rostrum a narrow and slightly indicated dark median streak. Labial and maxillary palpi yellowish-brown, the apical joint of the former with a broad dark baud. Above the antennae a black spot, enclosing the dark and shining ocelli. Antennae yellowish-brown and slender. Thorax yellowish-brown. Abdomen yellowish-brown with a short, fine and yellowish pubescence, and with a few blackish bristles along the margins at base ; the two apical joints dark brown with paler hind margins. In the male the upper anal appendages rather long and sharply pointed ; the apex itself provided with two or three strong spines ; the lower margin (seen from side) with a triangular projec- tion. Legs yellowish-brown. Femur, tibia and tarsal joints with a blackish band at the tip. Third and fourth tarsal joints of the hind feet together with the claw of the same almost black. Wings broadened towards the apex, which is rounded. Membrane shining and with a rather deep yellowish-brown tinge. The nervature brown and the apical cross-veins faintly brownish shaded ; the apical border rather strongly brownish shaded. The pterostigma pentagonal, 1^ times as long as broad, brownish coloured. In the wings is found a cross-vein between Sc and R in the forewing nearer to the fork of Rs than to the origin of the sector itself ; in the hind wing nearer to the origin of the sector. A cross-vein is found between Cu l and Cu 2 almost below the forks of Rs and M. No cross- vein between Cu 2 and \A. Rs forks a little before M, the difference greatest in the hindwing. At the 188 Annals of the South African Museum. origin aud at the fork of Rs a faint brownish spot. At the fork of If a hyaline, whitish spot. Blackish bristles on the margins of the wings at their base. Length of forewing 19-21 mm. ; that of hindwing 17-19 mm. FID. 1. Bittacii* .s..'/;/si, $ . For*-- and hindwing. I have seen only two specimens (males) of this very rare species. In the Seli/niim Collection, Bruxelles, is found one specimen (type- specimen), labelled Port Natal in the handwriting of H. A. Hagen. FIG. 2. Bittacus selysi, $ . Anal appendages (seen from side). The other specimen belongs to the South African Museum and was collected at Du.i-l>n, July, 1913 (W. Hni/jm-f/i, leg.). The latter specimen is the smaller. It is a very distinct species, easily recognisable by the colour, the shape and the neivature of the wings, but especially by the peculiar shape of the anal appendages of the male. Two Species of Bittacidaz (Neuroptera) . 189 BITTACUS WALKERI, Esbeu-Peterseu. 1915. Bittacus ivalkeri, Esbeu-Petersen, Eut. Meddelelser, Kobenhavn, Bd. 10, p. 236. Head, rostrum and palpi yellowish-brown ; rostrum with blackish lateral margins. Above the insertion of the antennae is found Fig-. 3. Bittacus ivalkeri, J. Pore- and hindwing. British. Museum. FIG. 4. Bittacus walkeri, $ . Anal appendages (seen from side). South African Museum. blackish spot enclosing the ocelli. Antennae dark brown, yellowish- brown at their base. Thorax brown and provided with a few black bristles ; mesothorax with four black spots in its front half ; meta- thorax with two black spots on its front margin. Abdomen dark brown at base, becoming pale brown towards the apex. The hind margin of sixth and seventh segments dark brown. 190 Annals of the South African Museum. Anal appendages of the male yellowish-brown ; lower margin of appendages (seen from side) with a triangular projection near base. Femora and tibiae pale brown ; tips of femora with a black band, and tips of middle and hind tibiae with a narrow black band. Joints of fore and middle tarsi brown, becoming blackish-brown towards the tip ; joints of hind tarsi blackish-brown. First joint of hind tarsus as long as second and third united, which are equal ; fourth joint two- thirds of first; fifth joint almost as long as fourth. Hind femora rather incrassate in the middle. Wings very long and slender with elliptical apex. Membrane hyaline with hardly any yellowish tinge nervures dark brown, narrowly margined with brown, especially in the apical part. Pterostigma subrectangular, five or six times longer than broad, strongly brownish coloured (purple-brown in the specimen in British Museum). Between Sc and R a cross-vein, in the forewing placed about in the middle between the origin of Us and the fork of Rs, in the hind wing nearer to the origin of Rs. Fork of Rs a little nearer to the base of the wing than the fork of M. The cross-vein between Gu l and Cu~ much before fork of M, but further out than the cross- vein between Cu~ and I A. Bristles on the margins of the wings near their base. Length of forewing 22-24 mm, ; that of hiudwiug 20-22 mm. British Museum : One $ (type specimen) labelled : [388] [Dr. Smith S. Afr. 44-6] [one of Walker's series of so named B. capensis']. South African Museum : One labelled : Krantzkloof , Natal, Marley, 10:5:15. The specimen in the British Museum was somewhat larger than that in the South African Museum. I have only seen these two specimens of the species, and it seems to be a very rare one. The species much resembles the species of the Australian genus Harpoliittacus, but it is easily separated by the longer first tarsal joint of the hind tarsus and the especially long and narrow wings. INDEX. PAGE BITTACIDAE . 187 HITTACUS . 187 NEUROPTERA . 187 PAGE selysi (Bittacus) . . 187 walkeri (Bittaeus) . 189 (191) 8. On some South African Ichneumonidae in fhe Collection of the South African Muse-um. By CLAUDE MOKLEY, F.E.S., F.Z.S., Menib. Soc. Entom. de Franco, etc. Part II. I HAVE much pleasure in presenting a further account of the parasitic Hymenoptera of Africa, comprising a consignment sent for determina- tion by Dr. L. Peringuey of the Cape Town Museum and including a few additional species from other sources. It is issued in continuation of the former paper by me upon the same subject, which appeared in these Annals late in 191G. All the types of the species herein described as new are, unless otherwise stated, in the South African Museum at Cape Town. The number of new descriptions is by no means surprising, when the size of the area be considered, along with the paucity of collectors. The outstanding feature of the present contribution to our knowledge of these very beneficial insects is the discovery of a new and most extraordinary Tribe allied to the Bauchides. Also, be it noted, the more we investigate these parasites in all parts of the globe the wider is discovered to be the range of individual species. For at least one kind, recorded herein, no part of the equator seems too hot, though it is also of frequent occurrence so far north as Sweden ; another occurs with equal frequency in both Queensland and Assam ; and now we find Bengalese insects of this group occurring in Natal. All these are doubtless imported in or along with their Lepidopterous and other hosts' food-plants, shipped in the ordinary course of commerce. CLASSIFIED CATALOGUE. ICHNEUMONIDAE. XAIJTHOJOPPA., Cum. ICHNEUMONINAE. lutea, Cam. inermis, sp. n. Joppides. EPIJOPPA, Mori. LEPTOPHATNUS, Cam. variabilis, Mori, ruficcps, Cam. nigricoxata, Mori, bucephalus, sp. n. AGLAOJOPPA, Cam. ISCHNOJOPPA, Kriech. rubrithorax, sp. 11. uteator, Fab. COELICHNEUMON, Thorns, visibilis, sp. u. petiolaris, sp. n. 13 192 Annals of the South African Museum. Listrodromides. NEOTYPDS, Forst. coiiflatus, Mori. Ichneumonides. Oxypygini. EUPALAMUS, Wesm. cariniscrobes, sp. n. Amblypygini. CHAKITOJOPPA, Cam. thoracica, sp. n. Platyurini. PLATYLABUS, Wesm. croceocephalus, Tosq. nigripalpis, Cam. biciuctorius, Komaii. Phorcys, sp. n. hemerythraeuSj sp. n. albidornatus, Cam. Cota, sp. 11. Lucifer, sp. n. rufidornatus, Cam. maculiscutis, Cam. erythrocephalus, Cam. pulchellus, Mori, rut'esceus, Mori, vallatus, Mori. Ifstaceus, sp. n. miniatulu.s, Mori, spilouotus., Cam. CKYPTINAE. Phygadeuonides. Hemitelini. HEMITELBS, Grav. pulchellus, Grav. Cryptides. Mesostenini. < ii'KYPHUS, UlmgT. cornigor, sp. n. trisulcatus, Mori, lobatus, sp n. cinctitibia, sp. n. evanescens, Mori. bisiUcatus, Mori, testaceus, Mori. Celoeuo, sp. n. sp. 11. MESOSTENDS, Grav. E/hodesiae, Cam. denticlypeus, sp. n. octans, sp. n. CRYPT ATI LAX, Cam. ruficeps, Cam. EABEANA, Cam. rectinervis, sp. n. Cryptini. AGLAOCRYPTUS, Cam. glabratus, sp. n. CRYPTUS, Fab. Leighi, Cam. PIMPL1NAE. Xoridides. MOANSA, Tosq. maculiceps, Cam. GABUNIA, Kriech. ruficoxis, Kriech. Togensis, Krieg. Echthromorphides. ECHTHROMORPHA, Hlgr. variegata, Brulle. Pimplides. EXERISTES, Forst. nigricornis, Cam. THERONIA, llluigr. melanocera, Hlmgr. XANTHOPIMPLA, Sauss. rt'iiovata, Horn. nov. Natalensis, Cam. PIMPLA, Fab. croL-at;i, Torfij. piil)cn.s, sp. 11. EPIURUS, Thorns. semidilutus, sp. n. HEMIPIMPLA, Sauss. divisa, Tosq. terebrata, sp. u. Lissonotides. SYZEHCTUS, Fi'irst. spilocephalus, Cam. fuscicornis, Cam. iiitx'rstitialis, Cam. ASPHRAGIS, Forst. Havidorliitalis, Cam. rubricosa, sp. 11. On some South African Ichneumonidae. 193 Banchides. TEGONA, Morley. discreta, sp. n. Skiapodes, trib. nov. SKIAPUS, gen. nov. coalescens, sp. n. TRYPHONINAE. Bassidee. BASSUS, Fall. laetatorius, Fab. OPHIONINAE. Ophionides. ALLOCAMPTUS, Thorns. senescens, Tosq. crassellus, sp. n. uugalis, Schulz. HENICOSPILUS, Steph. vecors, Tosq. riifus, Krioch. longescutellatus, Kr. leionotus, Tosq. NOTOTRACHYS, Marshall, flavomaculatus, Cam. Paniscides. PANISCUS, Grav. .^Ethiopicus, Szcpl. ocellaris, Szepl. Pristomerides. PRISTOMERIDIA, Ashm. albescens, sp. n. PRISTOMERTJS, Curtis, luteolus, Tosq. Cremas tides. CREMASTUS, Grav. annulicornis, Tosq. uoxiosus, Mori. Cypete, sp. 11. Ccvmpopleg ides. XANTHOCAMPOPIiEX, Mori. flavescens, sp. n. OMORGA, Thorns, longiceps, Cam. FAMILY ICHNEUMONIDAE. SUBFAMILY ICHNKUMONINAE. TRIBE JOPPIDES. LEPTOPHATNUS, Cam. Auu. S. Afr. Mus. v, 11)06, p, 165. This genus certainly belouys to tke Joppides, though not so placed by its author. lu my Table of Genera of the Joppides (Revis. Ichu. iv, 1915, p. 9), it should be inserted next before the neotropical Camarota,* Kriech., from which it differs in its regular areulet and buccate, though not cubical, head. The discovery of its male renders a slight modification of the generic characters essential. o o LEPTOPHATNUS BUFICEPS, Cam. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 166, 9 . d . The male differs slightly from Cameron's female description in the following respects : The antennae are setaceous and serrate with * Camarota, Kriechbaumer, Eiitom. Nachr. xxiv, 1898, p. 4, et Berl Entom. Zeit. xliii, IS 1 J8, p. 23, nee Meigen iu Diptera, 1830 (e/. Eut. Mo. Mag. 1911, p. 148, etc.), for which I here propose the new name Catnarotella. 194 Annuls of the South African the 21-26 flagellar joints white ; the metauotal areola is glabrous and elevated throughout (as in the Indian genus Cratojoppa) ; the scutellum is laterally cariuate to near its apex ; the postpetiole is but obsoletely aciculate, with apex distinctly punctate; the seventh abdominal s--- ment alone is white and the venter plicate throughout; front tibiae internally white-lined tarsi postici desunt. Taken at Mfongosi in Zuluhiud by W. E. Jones during May, 1916. LEPTOPHATNUS BUCEPHALUS, sp. nov. <$ only. A large and somewhat dull black species with the wings nigrescent throughout, the head red and both flagellar band and four apical hind tarsal joints, as well as inner side of front tibiae, white. Length 16 mm. So like the above J as to need no detailed descrip- tion. Therefrom it differs in no more than a few, though pertinent, characters : Head clear red ; cheeks slightly, and the temples very strongly, more buccate ; pronotum also red ; mesopleurae punctate to immediately below speculum ; postpetiole shagreened throughout and not apically punctate ; abdomen narrower, with the apical segments immaculate ; hind tarsi pure white, with only metatarsus and uugues black ; wings somewhat narrower, with radius less curved both above areolet and at its apex. I should have hesitated to regard these details as sufficient to warrant specific rank were it not that the metanotal areola, though equally elongate and narrow, is rugulose throughout and not at all elevated. The type occurred to E. M. Lightfoot at East London during li'L-"<. ISCHNOJOPPA, Kriech. Ent. Nachr. xxiv, 1898, p. 32. ISCHNOJOPPA VISIBILIS, sp. nov. 9 -^ u elongate, testaceous and somewhat dull species with only the white- banded flagellum, mandibular apices, ucellar region, posterior tarsi and disc of hind tibiae black. Head posteriorly and cheeks very strongly buccate ; face glabrous, uititlulous and impuuctate; frontal orbits not elevated, frous centrally bicarinate. Antennae slender, as long as body ; of <$ serrate, of $ compresso-dilated, beyond their centre. Thorax discally dull ; mesouotum basally depressed, apically and laterally elevated, with strong and subcarinate notauli ; mesopleurae glabrous and uitidulous ; metathorax laterally finely, and discally rugosely punctate, black-pilose between the distinct basal and obsolete apical transcariuae. Scutellum ephippiform, discally deplanate and punctate, with its sides and apex strongly and conspicuously cariuate On some Sa, Cam. Ann S. Afr. Mus. Y, 1906, p. 168. The distinctions between the descriptions of these two genera con- sist solely in the size of the gastrocoeli and the sculpture of the meta- notum, though not of its carinai' ; and an examination of the type of the former and a co-type of the latter genus proves them to be synonymous. The main feature of distinction, I think, was overlooked by their author : I find the anterior claws of the former to be simple and those of the type species of the latter stoutly pectinate ; but this character is inconstant, and doubtless (as in Neotypus) at most sexual. XANTHOJOPPA LUTEA, Cam. Anisojoppa lutea, Cam. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v. 1906, p. 168, <$ 9 . Cameron dismisses the J of this species in a dozen words ; but it differs from his 9 description in having the head and thorax 7 mm. in length, the abdomen no more than 11 mm. ; the metanotum rugulose throughout ; the gastrocoeli very broad and deeply impressed, with the intervening space not at all striate ; the flagellar joints 14 21 alone are white ; the stigma fulvous ; the face sparsely punctate throughout, 196 Annals of the South African Musevm. postpetiole shagreened and not at all punctate ; the anterior onyches are stoutly pectinate. The metanotal areola is hexagonal and not longer than broad, with its apex truncate and base both semicircular and elevated. The species has been further found at Stella Bush near Durban in Natal during February, 1915, by H. W. Bell Marley and at Mfongosi in Zululand by W. E. Jones. XANTHOJOPPA INERMIS, sp. nov. ^ 2 . A large testaceous species, with the pleurae and coxae paler, the face but not frontal orbits flavous, and band of the black flagellum white ; legs with tarsal claws and hind tarsi alone black, 9 with hind knees and lateral mesonotal vittae also black. Onyches not at all pectinate. Length 14-15 mm. It is extremely like the last species but differs, besides the conclusive simple claws, in having the sides of the areolet nearly coalescent above and the ramellus obsolete, the scutellum more convex and apically as well as laterally cariuate ; all trace of metanotal areola wanting in $ , which has the postpetiole much narrower and abdomen less parallel-sided ; the 9 is distinct in its nigrescent mesonotal streaks and hind knees. Mfongosi in Zululand (W. E. Jones) and East London during 1915 (R~. M. Lightfoot). EPIJOPPA, Morley. Revis. Ichn. iv, 1915, p. 49. EPIJOPPA VARIABILIS, Mori. lib. tit. p. 52, $ 9 . Described from Nyassaland and the Uganda Protectorate. Mr. W. E. Jones has extended its known southern range by the capture of a male at Mfougosi in Zululand during April, 1916. EPIJOPPA NIGRICOXATA, Mori. lib. cit. p. 53, g 9 . Also described from Central Africa and one male found with the last by W. E. Jones. AGLAOJOPPA, Cam. Ann. Nat, Hist, vii, 1901, p. 381. AGLAOJOPPA RUBRITHORAX, sp. nov. <$ only. A dull black species with white pubescence and the thorax, except below, rosy; white-marked. Head buccate and closely On some RntitJi African lehneumonidae 197 punctate ; orbits, except at cheeks and temples, and the clypeus laterally white. Antennae immaculate Mack, with the joints sub- serrate. Thorax closely punctate, only black below and at the apex ; prouotum discally, callosities below radices and basal lateral scutellar dots, white ; metathorax convex with areola peculiarly elongate, twice as long as broad and emitting eostulae from its centre ; petiolar area short and vertical. Scutellum rosy, punctate and laterally margined to near its apex ; postscutellum white. Abdomen black with apices of the four basal and of the seventh segments white, those of the second and third centrally interrupted ; basal segment smooth and shining with a few scattered punctures ; venter plicate on second to fourth segments, with the second and third white-margined. Legs normal and black with inner side of front tibiae and apices of their femora white. Wings subhyaline, with stigma and nervures black; areolet pentagonal, not coalescent' above and emitting recurrent nervure slightly beyond its centi-e ; discoidal cell with its lower external angle obtuse and nervelet short. Length, 14 mm. It is the only known species of this genus with red thorax. The type was captured at Mfongosi in Zululand by W. E. Jones during May, 1916. COELICHNEIJMON, Thorns. Opusc. Entom. xviii, 1893, p. 1901. COELICHNEUMON TETIOLAKIS, Sp. nOV. 9 only. A stout and dull brick-red species with a central flagellar band white and a mesouotal line, the frenum, areola and petiolar area, base of petiole and the hind tarsi, indefinitely black ; apex of postpetiole clearly and deeply punctate both discally and laterally. Length, 13 mm. Quite unlike the species from the palaearctic, Indian or New World regions (tabulated in my Revis. Ichn. iv, 1915, p. 120) in its immaculate face, tibiae and intermediate femora; in the distinctly punctate postpetiole; and immaculate rufescent abdomen. It is most closely allied to C. rudin, Fonsc. ; therefrom it differs in its coloration, smaller size, much less buccate cheeks, deeper clypeal foveae, closely punctate mesouotum and scutellum, more evenly punctate metauotum, not at all rugose postpetiole, centrally punctate base of the second segment, lack of ramellus and the lower emission of the spurious nervure from nervellus. The type was taken at " G-illets, Natal," during September, 1915 by k W. A. Bell-Marley. 198 Annals of tlie South African Museum. TRIBE LISTRODROMIDES. NEOTYPUS, Piirst, Ver. pr. Bheinl. 1868, p. 194. NEOTYPTJS CONFLATUS, Mori. Ann. S. Afr. xv, 1916, p. 359, 9 . (J . A very robust, and somewhat small, dark red male with black and several white markings. Head stramineous with the frons, vertex and part of occiput, mandibular apices, a line down the buccate cheeks and another down centre of face, Mack ; vertical marks, cheeks externally and more or less of occiput rufescent ; face finely and sparsely punctate, frons glabrous and excariuate, and vertex not broad. Antennae very short and stout; scape black with its under side and apex white; flagellum immaculate brunneous, filiform, of 25 transverse joints, only the three basal being longer than broad and of these the first is shorter than the second. Thorax nitidulous. short and hardly longer than high, with sternum and freuum and basal metanotal sulcus black, callosities before and below radices and whole of the transverse postscutellum white ; mesonotum deeply and sparsely punctate, with no notauli ; mesopleurae glabrous, with similar puucturation and the sternauli half their length ; metathorax very short and subreticulate with petiolar area deeply impressed, parallel-sided and rising nearly to base, where is a small and strongly transverse areola ; costulae strong, spiracles large and linear. Scutellum not small, simply convex, shining and sparsely punctate, laterally carinate to near apex. Abdomen subelongate- ovate, shining with the transverse second and third segments dull, very dark red with apices of all segments but the third broadly flavous ; petiole long and slender, postpetiole abruptly explanate, glabrous with a few central punctures; second and third segments closely punctate, with gastrocoeli of the former deeply impressed and not small ; valvulae white. Legs black, stout and not short ; all the coxae, inner side of anterior tibiae and apices of their femora below, white ; anterior tarsi and remainder of their tibiae rufescent ; hind coxae evenly punctate ; tarsi not pectinate. Wings hyaline ; radix and tegulae stramineous ; stigma nigrescent and not narrow ; basal nervure subvertical, and the lower basal distinctly a little antefurcal ; discoidal cell short and broad, emitting short ramellus and another slight nervure from centre of second recurrent, which rises from centre of the somewhat large and subquadrate areolet ; On some Rontli African IclmeumonidnK 199 radius apically straight and not elongate; nervellus subopposite and hardly angled at its lower fourth. Length, 9 mm. This androtype is labelled " Congella," where W. A. Bell-Marley captured it in March, 1915. TRIBE ICHNEUMONIDES. Soi!TiMi!K OXYPYGINT. EUPALAMUS, Wesm. Nouv. Mt'm. Ac. P.rux. 1844, p. 13 ; Mori. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. xv. 1916, p. 362. EUPALAMUS CARINISCROBES, sp. nov. cT 9 A large and stout, shining and dark red species, with only the white-banded flagellum and apical half of abdomen blade ; frontal orbits broadly, and in <$ face etc., white ; juxta-scrobal orbits carinate. Head of <$ with face, clypeus, external orbits and under side of the black scape, white. Thorax very finely and closely punctate with pronotum almost glabrous and metanotum to the infra- spiracular carinae rugose, its areola double as long as broad, remote from base, emitting distinct oostulae from its centre; petiolar area short and discreted ; <$ with prouotum and callosity beneath radices flavoits. Scutellum deplanate and glabrous with a few fine punctures, laterally carinate to near its apex which in the <$ is, like the postscutellum, flavous. Abdomen stout with the third to fifth and sides of sixth segments black, the remainder and in $ apices of second and third narrowly, white ; basal segment broad and very finely shagreened ; second closely punctate with small gastrocoeli, third far more finely sculptured and remainder nearly smooth. Legs stout and elongate, with claws large and simple ; hind coxal scopulae of 9 large ; $ with inner side of front tibiae, and three apical joints including claws of its otherwise black hind tarsi, white. Wings ample and distinctly fulvescent with costa and nervures black, stigma and tegulae fulvous ; nervures exactly as in E. Wesmaeli, excepting the areolet which is slightly less produced internally, and a little curved externally, with its sides coalescent above. Length, ^ 9> 17 mm. This species is a true Enp/// African STJBTEIBE AMBLYPYGIN1. CHAKITOJOPPA, Cam. Ann. Nat. Hist, vii, 190], p. 383. Head with neither clypeus discreted nor labrum exserted ; man- dibles stout, with the upper tooth slightly the longer; cheeks elongate and strongly buccnte. Antennae stout and. beyond their centre, compresso-dilated. Meso- and meta-notnin strongly reticulate; areola smooth, apically incomplete, with its lateral carinae extending to petiole and widely divergent. Scutellum more or less pyramidal, with at least its base laterally margined. Abdomen with second and third segments closely aciculate-punctate and ventrally plicate throughout, gastrocoeli of the former somewhat large and deeply impressed; petiole basally constricted, and apically abruptly explanate ; terebra basally covered by hypopvgium. Legs stout, with the penultimate hind tarsal joints spinose. Areolet triangular, laterally nearly coales- cent above and straight below, above junction of recurrent uervure ; radius apically subreflexed ; basal nervure not continuous through the median. Colour brilliant metallic. The above is the original description emended from the type specimen in the British Museum. I find our African representative a very typical species of this East Indian genus, which its author considered closely related to M'. '201 green with the dull and reticulate mesonotum, the mesopleurae, base of pronotum on either side and its extreme apical margin, sanguineous- red ; notauli and sternauli wanting, mesopleurae transversely im- pressed centrally ; metanotum nitidulous and rugulose, its areola large and hexagonal, extending to base and emitting costulae from its centre. Scutellum, postscutellum and frenum red ; the first elevated, but hardly pyramidal, very coarsely rugose and laterally carinate to its flavidous apex ; postscutellar region metallic blue, with its apical margin stramineous. Abdomen eyaneous with apices of all the segments, but fourth, stramineous ; basal segment glabrous and obsoletely aciculate apically ; second and third very closely punctate and dull. Legs somewhat short and not slender, with anterior tarsi and their tibiae laterally white. Wings normal ; tegulae fulvous, radix and stigma nigrescent; recurrent emitted slightly beyond centre of areolet. Length, 11 mm. The type was found by W. E. Jones at Mfongosi in Zululand during May, 101G. SUBTRIBE PLATYURINI.* PLATYLABUS, Wesm. Nouv. Mem. Ac. Brux. 1844, p. 150; Mori. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. xv, 191C, p. 308. Some of the southern African species of this genus are so closely allied that a superficial tabular guide appears desirable. (2). 1. Flagellum dilated before apex ; notauli deep. croceocephalus,Tosq. (1). 2. Flagellum not dilated ; notauli obsolete or wanting. (20). 3. Head, at least discally, black. (7). 4. Palpi infnscate or black, never pale. (f>). 5. Gastrocoeli of second segment deeply impressed, nigripalpis, Cam (5). 6. Gastrocoeli of second segment small, triangular, bicinctoriiis, Eoman (4). 7. Palpi always pale ; gastrocoeli superficial. (17). 8. Disc of thorax entirely red; stigma black. (10). 9. Second segment red; hind coxae discally white. Phorr.ys, sp. nov. (9). 10. Second segment not red-marked ; hind coxae black. (]r>). 11. Metanotal areola siibcircular ; nesonotiim dull ; punctate. (13). 12. Apophyses acute ; central segments white-banded. hcmcrythraeus, sp. n. (12). 13. Apophyses wanting ; central segments not white-marked. (15). 14. Flagellum immaculate ; hind calcaria white. alMdornatus, Cam. * Cameron places his new genus FJini.surn (Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v, 190r>, p. 170) in the Joppides. An examination of two co-typical males, the only sex known, in the British Museum, has convinced me that the genus belongs to the Platyurini. 202 Annah of tJ>? South African Museum. (14). 15. (H). 10. (8). 17. (19). 18. (18). 19. (.3). 20. (30). 21. (25). 22. (24). 23. (23). 24. (22). 25. (29). 20 (28). 27. (27). 28. (2(5). 1".). (21). 30. Flagellum white-banded ; hind calcaria black. Metanotal areola elongate ; mesonotum subglabrous. Ce-tfr, sp nov. Disc of thorax mainly black ; stigma testaceous. Postpetiole aciculate ; nervelet distinct. Postpetiole punctate ; nervelet wanting. Head nearly entirely testaceous or red. Metathorax punctate, with distinct ar Abdomen centrally distinctly black. Postpetiole punctate-aciculate ; liind li-u-s red. Lucifer, sp. nov. rufidornatus, Cam. miill;u-k-m:irk<>d. . . t.^tm-i 's, sp. nov. Metathorax scabrous, with no definite a.rea.c. . m.linn.1 iihi.s, Mori. n>iiiinl iix Cum. n'.frsren.s, Mori. PLATYLABUS PHORCYS, sp. nov. rj only. A black species with white markings, and the thorax except beneath, with two basal segments, brick-red. Extremely like the next species (P. hemerythraeus}, but smaller and much more slender with the second segment basally fulvidous and apically white, not black-marked. The scutellum is equally convex and laterally carinate, but the areola is half as long again as centrally broad, the Face white with its base and an irregular central band black, the clypeus white with its apex narrowly black ; the third segment is laterally f ulvescent- white ; the anterior coxae entirely, and a large discal mark on the hind ones, white. Length, 9 mm. Mfongosi in Zululand during May, 1916 (W. E. Jones'). 9 . PLATYLABUS HEMEKYTHRAEUS, sp. nov. A black species with white, markings, the thorax except beneath and in 9 basal segment dull brick-red. Head very narrow behind the prominent eyes ; black with vertical orbits narrowly, the jialpi and labrum white, <$ with the facial and two clypeal dots also white; face and the apically truncate clypeus closely punctate and not discreted. Antennae filiform and apically attenuate, centrally white- banded, basally rufescent beneath and in $ apically subserrate. Thorax not short ; sternum alone black ; notauli wanting, sternauli distinct ; metathorax evenly punctate with complete areae and short apophyses ; areola longer than broad, parallel-sided to its basal third, whence the costulae are emitted ; basal area entire, spiracles sublinear. On some South African Ichneumonidae. 203 Scutellum brick-red, convex and laterally margined to near apex. Abdomen black with the second segment laterally indefinitely, and whole of the first, in $ red ; anus, apices of second and fifth segments, with apical angles or in 9 the apex of the evenly punctate basal segment, white; terebra a little exserted, $ valvulae white. Legs elongate and not slender, rufo-infuscate with all coxae, trochauters and hind tarsi black; <$ with trochanters, intermediate coxae beneath and centre of posterior tarsi, white. Wings normal and hyaline, with uervures and stigma black ; second recurrent nervure broadly fenes- trate and emitted from centre of the sessile areolet ; basal nervure continuous through the median. Length, $ 9 > 12 mm. Evidently allied in its continuous basal uervure, etc., to P. erythrocephalus, Cam., though differing in colour, in the evenly punctate postpetiole and in many other points. Both sexes were taken at Mfougosi in Zululand by W. E. Jones during February, 1914 and May, 1916. PLATYLABUS CETA, sp. uov. cf 9 A black species with sparse white markings, the thorax efttirely rosy. Both sexes of this insect differ from the above descrip- tion of P. heinerytltraeus only in the following particulars : Head, scutellum, metathorax and basal segment more sparsely punctate and slightly nitidulous. Head with vertical orbits broadly white, man- dibles red and in the whole face and clypeus, mandibular base and all the orbits but at the temples, white. Antennae less attenuate apically, not basally red ; scape of <$ white beneath. Metathorax without apophyses, areola subcircular and apically emarginate. Scutellum glabrous and uitidulous, deplauate and laterally margined only to its apical third. Second to fifth segments immaculate black, or in $ sometimes badious, the first not white-marked ; postpetiole shagreened and in red. Hind legs dead black, with only their trochanters white. Length, <^ 9 , 9 mm. The male of this species differs from P. Lucifer in its somewhat duller mesonotum, subcircular areola, immaculate hind tarsi and basal segment, and in its smaller size. The female type, with three males, was captured at Mfougosi in Zululand by W. E. Jones during April and May, 1916. PLATYLABUS LUCIFER, sp. nov. <$ only. A black species with white markings, and the thorax except beneath rosy. Too closely allied to P. hemerythraeus to need a detailed description. Therefrom it differs in the much more nitidulous and sparsely punctate body, the totally white face and clypeus, white 204 Annals of the South African Museum. mandibular base, external orbits, underside of scape and callosity below radices ; in the glittering and convex speculum, deplauate scutellum, much longer areola emitting costulae from its centre, wanting basal area ; immaculate fifth segment, white front coxae and underside of their tibiae. The postpetiole is obsoletely shagreeued, with a few scattered punctures. Length 14 mm. The type was found by W. E. Jones during May, 1916, at Mfongosi in Zululand. PLATYLABUS VALLATTJS, Mori. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. xv, 1916, p. 370, ). 16. Metathorax trans-striate throughout ; internal orbits elevated. (LS). 17. Pace and frons reticulate ; clypeus normally convex. Celoeno, sp. nov. ( 17). IS. Face and frons finely punctate ; clypeus very convex. Mllo, sp. nov. GORYPHUS CORNIGER, Sp. UOV. V only. A not very stout, black species with white markings; the thorax and head red, and terebra as long as basal .segment; frons not centrally carinate. Head, four basal anteunal joints, thorax except sternum, frenum and basal area, sides of first segment and disc of hind coxae, red; rlagellar band, apex of second segment and anus from apex of fifth, calcaria, anterior coxae beneath and inner side of front leg.N, white. Very closely allied to U. Lisnlctilut, but differing therefrom in its centrally scabrous postpetiole, the colour of the coxae and hind femora, and in the usually apically white-margined second segment. Before its apex the clypeus is produced into a vertical and sub- acuminate pyramidal tooth. Length, 8-9 mm. Taken with the next species during May in Zululand. GORYPHUS LOBATTJS, Sp. UOV. , only. A somewhat stout, black species with white markings ; the thorax entirely red, and terebra nearly as long as abdomen ; frons nut rally carinate. Prom my description of the female G. trisulcatus (Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. 1916, p. 372) it differs only in the following particulars: Head obliquely constricted behind the eyes; antennae no stouter beyond their white band ; mesouotum not disc-ally sulcate between the notauli ; abdomen with apex of second but not of first segment white, the fifth and sixth immaculate black, and terebra as long as abdomen excepting basal segment ; calcaria not white ; wings hyaline. Length, 9 mm. The structure of the penultimate hind tarsal joint, which is centrally cleft nearly to its base and strongly pectinate, is unique in my experience and somewhat resembles that of tipilocryptus females. Mfougosi in Zululaud, taken by W. E. Jones during May, 1916. GORYPHUS CINCTITIBIA, sp. nov. $ only. A somewhat stout, black species with sparse white mark- ings ; the thorax and head entirely red, and terebra nearly as long as abdomen ; frous centrally carinate. Nothing but the conformation of the areolet convinces me of specific distinction from G. lobalus. The On some South African Ichneuiiionidae. 207 lower nervure is distinctly angled at the central emission of the recur- rent uervure in that species, while here the lower nervure is straight throughout and the recurrent emitted at its apical third. In colora- tion this insect differs in having its head red, second segment immaculate, and (agreeing with G. bamlis) in the conspicuous sub- baisal white band of its hind tibiae. Length, 9 mm. The type is from Durban in April, 1915 (H. W. Marley) ; a co-type from Mfougosi in Zululand in April, 1916 (W. E. Jones). GrORYPHUS TESTACEUS, Mori. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. xv, 1916, p. 375, . <$ 9 . Both sexes have the. basal segment elongate about live times longer than apically broad and sublinear, the basal metauotal trauscarina obsolete and strongly sinuate, more usually the stigma is testaceous, and their length varies from 6|-9 mm. The uudescribed female differs from my male description (loc. cit.) in having the hind tarsi, calcaria and tibiae fulvous, with the claws and onychii alone black ; antennae nearly as long as body, slender and black with the basal flagellar joints and scape, fulvous, in both sexes; abdomen elongate-fusiform with the deflexed terebra infuscate and as long as basal segment, which is fully a third of the abdomen in length. The gynetype is from Kloof, Durban in Natal, during February, 1915 (H. W. Bell Marley) ; and further males are fi-om Mfougosi in Zululand during April and May, 1916 (W. E. Jones). G-ORYPHUS CELOENO, sp. nov. ^ only. A dull and slender, dark testaceous species with the flagellum except its subapical white baud, ocellar region, posterior tarsi and a basal dot on inner side of hind tibiae, black ; the three mesonotal lobes and anus indefinitely infuscate, and pleurae ochraceous. Instantly kno-.vn from all other species of this genus by its stoutly and irregularly reticulate-striate frons and face, which latter io quadrate ; the clypeus is but slightly convex and apically rounded ; the inner orbits carinately elevated ; metauotum with no apical transcarina, basal area indistinct ; metapleurae deeply impressed longitudinally above, not cariuate ; basal segment linear and glabrous. Length, 11 mni. Were it not for the typically (ror^/itts-structure of the areolet I should place this male in the Cryptini genus Friona, Cam., with which the sculpture of its metathorax so well agrees this is stoutly and evenly trans-striate throughout both iiotuin and pleurae from the basal cariua. Taken during 1913 at Durban in Natal by W. Haygarth. 14 208 Annals of the South African Museum. G-ORYi'Hus AELLO, sp. nov. 9 ouly. A dull and slender, pale testaceous species with the flagellum except its subapical white band, and ocellar region, alone black ; hind tarsi and terebral valvulae iufuscate ; head except frous, pleurae and freuum stramineous ; terebra half length of abdomen. Recognised by its very strongly convex clypeus, evenly punctate face, elevated orbits which extend to either side of ocelli, the longitudinally sulcate central mesonotal lobe. In all other respects, especially the metathoracic structure, it agrees exactly with G. Celoeno, of which I cannot consider it the opposite sex. Length, 8 mm. These two species have nothing in common with Plesiocryptus carinifrons, Cain. (Zeits. Hym.-Dip. iii, 190o, p. 300, $ =Bathy crisis striaticollis, Cam. Spolia Zeylanica, iii, 1905, p. 97, J ) for, though equally elevated, the orbital structure is entirely different. W. E. Jones found the type during May, 1916, at Mfougosi in Zululand. MESOSTENUS, Gravenh. ' MESOSTENUS BHODESIAE, Cam. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 145, ? . (J 9 Areolet small and quadrate, very slightly broader than high' apically subpellucid, emitting recurrent nervure from its centre ; lower basal nervure always a little autef urcal ; uervellus strongly postfurcal and geuiculate a little above its centre, at junction of the strong spurious uervure. Notauli remarkably deeply impressed. The un- described $ differs only sexually. Several examples of both sexes were found by W. E. Jones during May, 1916, at Mfougosi in Zululaud. MESOSTENUS DENTICLYPEUS, sp. nov. c $ . A slender, rich testaceous, shining species with the head, antennae, onychii, terebra and in J 1 central mesonotal lobe, deep black ; face, mouth, cheeks, all the orbits broadly and the fiagellar band, white. Head large and buccate, posteriorly as broad as the eyes ; occiput and frous glabrous and mutic ; face and clypeus sparsely punctate, the latter elongately dentate centrally and emargiuate on either side. Thorax shining and subglabrous with notauli deeply impressed and petiolar area closely punctate ; both metauotal traus- cariuae strong, the apical curved ; apophyses wanting, spiracles elon- gate and not small. Scutellum deplauate, smooth and not laterally margined. Abdomen narrow, dull and closely punctate ; basal segment linear with slightly prominent spiracles a little beyond its OH some South African Ichneumonidae. 209 centre ; <$ valvulae exserted, terebra straight and as long as abdomen except first segment. Legs normal and not stout ; claws small, calcaria short. Wings fulvescent hyaline, of <$ subiuf umate ; uervelet Avanting; basal uervure continuous; areolet of normal size, sub- quadrate, emitting the straight recurrent uervure from slightly before its centre. Length, (?, 12 mm. The clypeal structure is remarkable. Both sexes occurred at Mfongosi in Zululaud to W. E. Jones in May, 1916. MESOSTENUS OCTANS, sp. nov. 9 only. A somewhat slender, brick-red, dull species with the head, antennae, apical half of abdomen, hind coxae, femora and two apical joints of their tarsi, black ; labrum, vertical orbits, flagellar band, apices of third and fourth and seventh segments narrowly, with whole of the large and prominent eighth, and the three central hind tarsal joints, white. Clypeus apically depressed and truncate ; uotauli deeply impressed ; both metanotal transcarinae distinct, its petiolar area striate ; basal segment stout, shagreened and only double as long as its apical breadth ; terebra one-third of abdomen ; areolet small and quadrate, emitting recurrent nervure before its centre ; uervelet wanting, upper basal nervure postfurcal. Length, 12 mm. -The coloration is distinctive. Taken with the last species at Mfongosi in Zululaud by W. E. Jones. CEYPTAULAX, Cam. CKYPTAULAX RUPICEPS, Cam. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 151, ? . Areolet small and quadrate, emitting recurrent nervure from its centre. A female has been taken at Mfougosi in Zululaud by Jones during April, 1916. EARRANA, Cam. Spolia Zeylauica, iii, 1905, p. 119. Parca, Mori. Indian Ichns. i, 1913, p. 361. Essential Characters. Metathoracic spiracles circular ; areolet wanting ; clypeus neither reflexed nor apically depressed ; meso- sternum not laterally spinate ; abdomen not metallic. The following species is sufficiently congruous with E. liitea, Cam. (= P. ocularia, Mori.), to allow of its inclusion in this somewhat anomalous genus, though the upper basal nervure is distinctly a little autefurcal. 210 Annals of the South African Museum. EARRANA RECTINERVIS, sp. nov. 5 only. A small aud slender, somewhat dull, rufo-testaceous species, with the maudibular apices and flagellum except basally, alone black ; face, vertical orbits broadly and a subapical flagellar band, white ; terebra slender, half length of abdomen and, like the hind tarsi, apically iufuscate. Head vertical and evanescent behind the prominent eyes ; face strongly transverse, finely shagreened and not discreted from the convex aud apically rounded clypeus. Antennae as long as the body. Notauli and sternauli deeply impressed ; meta- thorax elongate and somewhat narrow, evenly shagreened throughout with a very weak central and distinct apical, straight transcarina ; petiolar area short and nearly smooth. Scutellum small, dull and nearly smooth, only basally carinate. Abdomen finely shagreened throughout with basal segment nearly smooth, fully twice longer than apically broad. Legs long and very slender. Wings somewhat narrow, with the disco-cubital nervure perfectly straight ; areolet half as broad again as high, its apical uervure wanting, though indicate* I ; nervellus postfurcal, centrally intercepted. Length, 7 mm. Mfongosi in Zululand, April, 1916, W. E. Jones. SUBTRIBE CEYPTINI. In view of the considerable literature likely to arise when the Ichneumonidae of Africa come to be more fully collected, it were well to here point out that the distinctions between the subtribes Mesostenini and Cryptini (which together constitute the tribe Cryptides of the subfamily Cryptiuae) are extremely obscure and consist solely in the conformation of the alar areolet. The Cryptinae, as a whole, are the least specialised and, consequently, most difficult group of the entire Ichneumonidae. In the palaearctic fauna it is sufficient to describe this areolet (as is done in my Ichn. Brit, ii, 1907, pp. 258 and 266) as small and quadrate in the former subtribe, pentagonal and of normal size in the latter ; but throughout the tropics the Mesostenini show much greater variability in this respect, which is still our sole guide to differentiation, and it is misleading to state, as does Cameron of his genus Steuomeris (Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 154), that "the form of the areolet does not give always a trust- worthy distinction between the two " ; for if such be the case, they must be merged. That there is a constant, though subtle, distinction I am convinced ; and the already enormous ere long, overwhelming- number of the world's species in both these subtribes renders it convenient to retain them apart. The test to which I subject indi- viduals is a (more or less) regularly pentagonal areolet of variable On some South African, Tchneumonidae. 211 size for the Cryptini and a quadrate or (to any extent, breadth, and size) transverse areolet for the Mesox/r/m/V. Into these two, certainly very loose, divisions I .find all the genera with which I am acquainted fall sufficiently naturally with no overlapping except in the case of the Indian genus Etha, under which name Cameron had congregated examples of both wing-types. The "small, square" areolet of Stenomeris shows it to unmistakably belong to the Mesostenlni. AGLAOCRYPTUS, Cam. Mem. Manch. Soc. 1903, no. 14, p. 31. Habrocryptus, Thorns. Opusc. Ent, v, 1873, p. 498. AGLAOCRYPTUS GLABRATUS, sp. nov. 9 only. A strongly nitidulous, testaceous species with only the abdomen somewhat dull ; ocellar region to centre of occiput, mandi- bular apices, flagellum and dot on scape, onychii, costa and stigma, black ; remainder of head, and the flagellar band, white. Head broad and glabrous with the face longitudinally silicate between epistoma and orbits, clypeus apically depressed and truncate, labrum exserted, Notauli profound and entire to disc of mesouotum ; metathorax glabrous with both transcarinae strong and entire, its spiracles exactly circular and apophyses wanting. Scutellum smooth, not margined. Abdomen narrow and confidently punctate, with anus smoother and basal segment glabrous ; terebra a little shorter than abdomen. Legs and the hyaline wings normal, with penultimate joint of hind tarsi deeply bilobed ; areolet small and pentagonal, emitting recurrent nervure from its centre ; uervelet wanting ; upper basal nervure and nervellus postfurcal, the latter centrally inter- cepted. Length, 9 mm. There is nothing distinctive about this species (which has the facies of a small Mama, Tosq. = Colganta, Cam.) but its subglabrous body, circular spiracles and bisulcate face. The type was taken at Durban in Natal during February, 1913, by W. Haygarth. CRYPTUS, Fabr. Syst. Piezat. 1804. CRYPTUS LBIGHI, Cam. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 1906, v, p. 141, 9 . This is a member of the present genus, semu Thomson!. " Krauzkloof," Durban, in Natal : a female by Bell Marley on October 9th, 1915. 212 Annals of the Smith African Mnsenm. SUBFAMILY PTMPLTNAE. TKIBH XORI HIDES. MOANS A, Tos.j. Mem. Soc. Entom. Belg. v, 1896, p. 344. Gonioprymnus, Cam. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 126. MOANSA MACULICEPS, Cam. Gonioprymnus ma<-it!!r/'[>8, Cam. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 126, 9 The hitherto unknown <^ of this conspicuous species differs very slightly from the 9 description in having the external orbits shortly, and hind femora externally, streaked with white ; the second as well as third segment bears an impressed triangle, and both are united to the base by an impressed diseal line ; the apex of the fourth segment is dorsally emarginate and the metathorax is shortly bicarinate at both base and apex with lateral traces of an apical trauscariua. Front tibiae inflated and basally constricted. Length, 14 mm. The androtype is labelled " Durban lights, March, 1915, Marley." GABUNIA, Kriech. Sitzl). Nat. Ges. Leipz. 1895, p. 130. Morley, Ann. S. Afr. Mus. xv, 1916, p. 383. GABUNIA RUFicoxis, Kriech. Sitzb. Nat. Ges. Leipz. 1895, p. 132, J $ . Nadia fasciipennis, Tosq. L896, p. 337, 9- I have seen this species from Uganda, a considerable extension of range. It is the closest ally of G. Bardo (Ann. S. Afr. Mus. xv, 1916, p. 383), though the terehra is much longer, the head posteriorly narrower, the clypeus centrally produced and apices of the lower wings not totally infumate as in that species. GABUNIA TOGENSIS, Krieg. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berl. v, 1911, p. 550, 9 . Ernest A. Elliott, F.Z.S., has presented me with a 9 of this handsome insect, taken by C. A. Wiggins at Entebbe in Uganda during June, 1912. <}. ruficeps, Cam. (Entom. 1906, p. 30, 9), from East Coast, Natal, seems a very closely allied species ; I have not seen it. On some South African Ichneumon! dae. 213 TRIBE ECHTHROMOKPHIDES. ECHTHROMORPHA, Holmgr. ECHTHROMORPHA VARIEGATA, Bl'ulk'. Mori. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 1916, p. 386. Further specimens of both sexes have I icon taken by Jones during May, 1916, at Mfongosi in Zululaud. TRIBE PIMPLIDES. EXEEISTES, Fiirst. Verb. pr. Rhoinl. 1868, p. 164. Charitopim/pld, Cam. Journ. St. Br. R. Asiatic Soc. 1902, p. 48; Holcopimpla, Cam. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 112. EXERISTES NIGRICORNIS, Cam. Holcopimpla nigricornis, Cam. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 113, 9 Cameron's new genus Holco/iim/ila, with its single species, is entirely synonymous with Esceristes, Fiirst. In my table of the latter genus (Revis. Ichn. iii, 1914, p. 25) insert thus : "(20). 21. Metanotum very sparsely punctate ; areolet snbpetiolate." (/3). a. Flaviclous, apices of metathorax and second segment black-marked. 10". nigricornis, Cam. (). /3. Species not so coloured. " (25). 22. Red with black markings ; legs entirely pale." Cameron omits to note that the head is buccate both below and behind the eyes, that the scape and flagellar base are both pale, that the thorax is discally deplauate, and that the wings are apically infu- niate with their stigma basally white. He only knew the 9 ; the <$ differs no more than sexually and in having the abdomen subliuear. Jones took several examples in Zululaud at Mfongosi during May, 1916. THERONIA, Holmgr. Ofv. Vet. Ak. Forhdbl. xvi, I860, p. 123. THERONIA MELANOCERA, Holmgr. Eugeu. Resa Insect. 1868, p. 404. In my diagnosis of this species (Revis. Ichn. iii, 1914, p. 41) for -" metathorax " read " mesouotum. 11 The length of both sexes varies, 10-12 mni. The present examples all have the anus infuscate ; they -were bred at Johannesburg in the Transvaal in March, 1904 ; captured 214 Annals of fie South African at Mfongosi in Zuhiland in May, 1916, by W. E. Jones ; and taken at " Kranzkloof ' ' in Natal on May 24th, id 5, liy Bell Marley. XANTHOPIMPLA, Sauss. Grandidier's Hist. Phys. Madagascar, 1802, PI. XIII. XANTHOPIMPLA RENOVATA, noin. nov. Xn ntJin/ii ni/>/ti appendiculata, Cameron, Ann. S. Air. Mus. v, 190C.. ]. Ill, $, tiec Cameron, Fauna Maldive and Lace. Arch. I, i, 1002, p. 51, J ?. Cameron described two distinct species under a single name in this genus ; consequently I have renamed the later of these. Marley took a large female of X. ri'imrufn at " 1\ ran /Id oof " near Durban in Natal (the typical locality) in May, 1015. PIMPLA, Fabr. Syst, Piez. 1804, p. 112. PIMPLA CROCATA, Tosq. Morley, Ann. S. Air. Mus. xv, 101(3, p. 380. Both sexes from Mfongosi in Zulnland in May, 1016 (Jones), and Durban in Natal during May, 1015 (Marley) ; Ivnysna, Cape (L. Pi'ringuey). PIMPLA PUBENS, sp. nov. <$ only. A densely white-pubescent, dull red species with the head and thorax, anus, stigma and apical half of the. hind legs black; wings hyaline with radices, tegulae and base of stigma pure white. Length, 10 mm. Very like P. crocata in its sculpture and coloration, but with the palpi white, clypeus and raandibular base testaceous, the frons transaciculate and centrally stoutly carinate; scutellum and fiagellum black, with scape rufescent below; abdomen more finely punctate, with basal segment distinctly longer ; hind femora and tibiae darker, and the whole body shortly white-pubescent. W. E. Jones captured the type at Mfongosi in Zululand during May, 1016. EPIUEUS, Thomson. Opusc. Eutom. xiii, 1880, p. 1412. EPIURUS SEMIDILUTUS, sp. nov. (J only. A deep red and strongly nitidulous species with the head, except its testaceous palpi, the antennae, sternum and pleurae, meso- On some South African Ichneumonidae. 215 notuni except discally, the frenum, both base and apex of metathorax, base of first segment, apex of second narrowly and two apical marks on third, all the claws and hind tarsi, black. Basal segment parallel- sided, double as long as broad and not discally canaliculate ; lower basal nervure postfurcal. Length, 10 mm. This species agrees in every way with the characters, set forth in my table of Epiurus (Revis. Ichn. iii, 1014, p. 80, in which at No. " (30) 27" for "hind claws" road " hind claw-joint"), of E. dilutus, Ratz., the $ of which was first described by Bridgman (Entom. xii, 1879, p. 55), who remarks upon its subglabrous abdomen. Therefrom the present male differs in no more than a few essential details : Mesouotum subglabrous and less closely pubescent, mesopleurae transversely sulcate centrally and more deeply punctate below, metanotum glabrous with sparse puncturation and lacking basal carina ; abdomen stouter with the dorso-lateral tubercles a little more prominent ; hind tarsi black throughout : tegulae fulvous, costa and stigma black, upper basal nervure far more oblique and the lower distinctly a little postfurcal ; but especially in having the first segment glabrous and discally smooth with subapical lateral foveae and its base simple, whereas in E. dihda it is discally sulcate and bicarinate from the Literally auriculate base to a subapical transconstriction. The type is labelled " C. W. Mally, Agrl. Dept., Elsenberg, Cape Colony, October llth, 1914." HEMIPIMPLA, Sauss. Grand idier's Hist. Phys. Madagascar, 1892, PI XIII, fig. 4. HEMIPIMPLA DIVISA, Tosq. Mem. Soc. Entom. Belg. v, 1896, p. 302, 9 . <$ 9 The male has hitherto been unknown. It differs only sexu- ally from the female in at least occasionally having the lateral tubercles of the second and third segments infuscate. I do not find that the 9 has either the hind tarsi or apices of their tibiae black, as indicated by its author ; in both sexes they are but little darker than the remainder of the pale fulvidous legs, with nothing but the tarsal claws black. Both sexes occurred to Jones at Mfougosi in Zululaud during April and May, 1916. HEMIPIMPLA TEREBRATA, sp. nov. 9 only. Head, thorax and legs nitidulous and testaceous-red, with mandibular apices and both hind tibiae and their tarsi alone black. Antennae filiform and black. Abdomen deep black with the three 216 Annnh of the Snutli African Museum. basal segments testaceous-red. Metathorax not flavous-marked, exareolate, with circular spiracles and a black dot on either side of its apex. Basal segment discally shining and centrally transimpressed, remainder closely punctate to sixth ; the second apically black-lined on either side ; terebra exactly as long as whole body. Hind femora simple ; tarsal claws basally lobate and not pectinate. Wings f ulvescent with apices of both pairs black, the front ones alone with a concolorous band as broad as the stigma and extending therefrom to the sinus, broadly confluent in the anal cell with the apical iuf umation ; nervures of basal half red ; areolet broadly triangular and not petiolate, emitting the subentire recurrent from its apical fourth ; nervelet extending half way to basal nervure ; nervellus subopposite and centrally intercepted. Length, 15 mm. In my table of species (Revis. Ichn. iii, 1014, p. 00) this female should stand next to H. Jiviaa, Tosq. The alar infumation resembles that of H. bifasciata, though not extending along the inner margin of the hind wing, as in that species. The type (in foil, auct.) was taken by C. A. Wiggins at Entebbe in Uganda during June, 1012, and presented to me by Ernest A. Elliott, F.Z.S. TRIBE LISSONOTIDES. SYZEUCTUS, Forst. Verh. pr. Eheinl. 18(18, p. 167. SYZEUCTUS SPILOCEPHALUS, Cam. Lissonnta #]>ili>n'/>kala, Cam. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v, 1006, p. 124, . Its author precedes this species with a query, as though doubtful of its right to inclusion in the genus Lissovnfn ; this and, I believe, the majority of the species described by him at Inc. cit. are referable to tne genus Syzeuctus. The differs, as is usual in the genus, considerably in coloration from the <$ , though the sculpture is identical. Head, antennae and thorax black ; clypeus, part of mandibles, sides of face broadly and all the orbits narrowly, stramineous ; propleural margin, subhamate mesonotal lines, post- scutellum and both sides and apex of scutellum stramineous ; metapleural spiracles elongate. Abdomen brick-red throughout, becoming flavescent at apices of the second and third segments ; terebra straight, black and as long (8 mm.) as the abdomen. Legs brick-red, with the posterior discally black and the front coxae stramineous. Wings slightly flavescent, with apices of both pairs truncately and definitely iufumate ; stigma and subcosta testaceous ; On some Sonth African Ichneumonidae. 217 radial ncrvure straight above the small areolet, which is no higher than the length of its petiolar nervure, subtriangular, externally curved, emitting recurrent nervure from its apical fourth ; spurious ncrvure of hind wing straight to apex. Length, 12 mm. This gynetype was captured by R. M. Lightfoot at East London during 1915. SYZEUCTUS FUSCICOKNIS, Cam. Lissonota fnscicornis, Cam. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 121, $ . $ $ . The conformation of the areolet and metapleural spiracles of both sexes is exactly as in S. spilocephalus; the spurious nervure of the hind wing is strong, though hardly extending to apex. The 9 nas the three basal segments laterally black-lined. The undescribed ^ differs only in its smaller size of 11 mm. and the coloration of its abdomen, the spiracles of whose three basal segments are rather more conspicuous ; the last is black with a quadrate subbasal fascia; apices of the basal segment broadly and of the following narrowly flavous with base of second, third and fourth centrally concolorous ; the anus from centre of fourth segment alone is red. Both sexes were taken at Mfongosi in Zululand during April, 1916 ; by Jones. SYZEUCTUS INTERSTITIALIS, Cam. Lissonota interstitial, Cam. Rec. Albany Mus. i, 1905, p. 251. ( 9 . The conformation of the areolet and metapleural spiracles of both sexes is exactly as in 8. spilocephalus ; the spurious nervure of the hind wing is wanting. The differs from the last species in having the black and straight terebra no longer (6 mm.) than the abdomen, and the <$ in having the red abdomen apically black from centre of the fourth segment. The female occurred with 8. fnscicornis in Zululand ; and the male at Gt. Winterhoek near Tulbagh, Cape, at 3600 ft. to R. M. Lightf.mt during April, 1916. ASPHRAGIS, Forst. Verh. pr. Rheinl. xxv, 1868, p. 166. ASPHRAGIS FLAVIDORBITALIS, Cam. Entom. xxxix, 1906, p. 18, $ . $. For length "5 mm." read "15 mm.," which includes the body 7i and terebra 7^. The uugual pectination is strong. The 218 Aim ah <>f the South African undescribed <$ differs only sexually from the female. Found at the same locality as S. inter ^tHitdix by R. M. Lightfoot. ASPHRAGIS RUBRICOSA, sp. 11OV. $ only. A dull closely punctate, rosy species, becoming posteriorly black, with only the anterior femora and tibiae laterally testaceous. Head posteriorly constricted ; clypeus neither basally discreted nor its evenly rounded apex impressed; cheeks not short; juxta-scrobal orbits alone shortly stramineous. Antennae filiform, slender and black with base of the first three or four joints, and the entire scape, rosy. Thorax dull and disc-ally deplanate, with neither notauli nor sternauli ; its sternum black; metathorax strongly and closely punctate, its apical trauscariua subentire and spiracles circular. Scutellum closely and more finely punctate, distinctly a little convex. Abdomen deplanate, no longer than head and thorax, with the three basal segments evenly punctate, remainder black and subglabrous and retracted ; first segment double as long as apically broad, longitudinally rugulose discally, with spiracles before centre ; terebra as long (2| mm.) as three first segments, or two-thirds of abdomen. Legs not slender; hind ones, intermediate coxae except discally, and tln-ir trochanters, black; claws strongly pectinate. Wings hyaline and not broad; radix testaceous, tegulae and stigma black; basal nervure strongly arcuate and subcontinuous through the median ; intercubital nervure slightly longer than distant from second recurrent, of which nearly the upper half is feuestrate ; radius obtusely angled; nervellus opposite and indistinctly intercepted a little below its centre. Length, 8 mm. Stouter, less elongate and more deeply punctate than the last species, from which the colour renders its facies very different, though the neuratiou is similar. Found by W. E. Jones at Mfougosi in Zululaud during May. 1016. TRIBE BANCHIDES. TEGONA, Morley. Fauna India, Ichn. i, 1913, p. 251. TEGONA DISCRETA, sp. nov. $ only. A clear testaceous species with the head flavous ; the frons, occiput, antennae, central mesonotal lobe and hind tarsi, black ; wings clear fulvescent, with costa and stigma testaceous. Head not strongly constricted posteriorly ; clypeus strongly elongate, as long as On some No///// African Ichneumonidae. basally broad aud apically truncate, closely punctate and not disereted from the similarly punctate face ; mandibles stout and obtusely bi- dentate apically, teeth nigrescent ; both maxillary and labial palpi testaceous, with cylindrical joints ; eyes internally parallel and not emarginate ; frous sulcate from ocelli to the superiorly elevated scrobes. Antennae elongate, setaceous, slender and immaculate. Thorax stout, dull and closely punctate ; uotauli deeply impressed, sternauli wanting ; mesopleural speculum f oveate ; metathorax without even supracoxal cariuae, impressed at the slightly elongate spiracles, its disc longitudinally subsulcate. Scutellum and postscutellum convex, deeply punctate, with only basal carinae. Abdomen glittering aud subglabrous, with two first segments deplanate and remainder subcompressed ; basal segment straight, slightly explauate throughout, twice and a half as long as apically broad and centrally constricted beyond the somewhat prominent spiracles ; central segments in- definitely black-lined laterally ; hypopygium large and cultriform ; terebra hardly exserted. Legs slender, the hind ones elongate, with apices of their tibiae infuscate ; coxae finely punctate ; claws distinctly and shortly pectinate. Wings ample ; lower basal uervure but slightly postf urcal ; internal cubital entire and broadly fenestrate at its apical third ; areolet rhomboidal and corueously petiolate, emitting the semi- fenestrate recurrent distinctly before its centre ; nervellus elougately postfurcal, emitting spurious uervure from its upper third. Length, 11 mm. The produced clypeus places this species in Tegona (cf. lib. cit., fig. Ixii), though the cheeks are much shorter than the basal breadth of the mandibles. The type was discovered by W. E. Jones at Mfongosi in Zululand during April, 1916. TRIBE SK1APODES, trihit* nova. The characters are those of the genus. So remarkable is the con- formation of the following species that I find myself reluctantly compelled to erect for its reception a new Tribe, agreeing in its abdominal structure to a limited extent with the Banchides,a,s grouped by me (Eevl'j,. Ichn. iv, 1015, p. 135), but with totally different and unique neuratiou. The Skiapodes is at once known from the whole remainder of the Ichueumouidae by its semicircularly excised occiput, the sublinear disposition of the ocelli, the bicarinate frous, minute and subquadrate mandibles, which are (as in the Braconidous family Alysiidae) porrect and not apically touching inter se, and by the unique structure of both uervures, which most closely, perhaps, 220 Annals < if the Xotifh African Museum. resemble those of the Ophionides, and hind tarsi, which are of greater length than the whole body. In certain respects the neuration is not dissimilar to that of Lapton, as figured by Pfankuch (at Deut. Eiitom. Zeit. 1D12, p. 458), though the intercubital nervnre is strongly oblique, and not, as there shown, vertical; also the hypopygium in both is prominent. I need hardly point out that the Skiapodes were a fabulous people of Libya, possessed of enormously developed feet. SKIAPUS, gen. uov. Head very strongly transverse ; occiput semicircularly excavate centrally immediately behind ocelli, which are not in triangle but in a curved line with the lateral onlv half their breadth behind the central ; 1'rons strongly bicarinate and centrally sulcate between the scrobes ; eyes large and acutely emarginate internally ; face transverse and longitudinally impressed on either side above base of the minute and triangular clypeus ; cheeks obsolete ; mandibles porrect and very small, nearly quadrate, lower tooth minute and upper wanting ; labrum strongly exserted, longitudinally carinate discally ; mandibular palpa joints cylindrical. Antennae longer than body, filiform and not slender, apically setaceous. Thorax stout, notauli and sternauli want- ing ; mesonotum abruptly declivous anteriorly ; scutellum glabrous, not convex, laterally finely cariuate ; metathorax very short, obliquely declivous throughout, and not centrally impressed ; glabrous and exareolate, with two evenly curved carinae traversing its basal half, of which the first centrally touches the base ; spiracles large and linear ; apophyses wanting. Abdomen small and coarctate, strongly com- pressed from base of third segment; first segment petiolate and linear to spiracles at its apical fourth, and thence slightly explauate ; thyridii wanting ; venter plicate, with hypopygium protuberant, and $ val- vulae half length of basal segment. Legs long and slender, with the hind ones extraordinarily elongate ; all tibiae externally setiferous ; hind coxae large and globose, discally sulcate and as long as nieta- On some South African Ichneumonidae. 221 thoracic disc, their femora extending to anus (4i mm. in length) and exactly as long as tibiae ; hind tarsi slender, cylindrical and fully as long in , or longer (1(U mm.) in $, than the whole body, sparsely and strongly setiferous and pilose with base of all joints glabrous, their claws simple but apical half of unguiculi stoutly pectinate laterally and below ; all the claws straight and apically attenuate, the anterior alone basally pectinate. Wings ample ; stigma obsolete ; inner cubital cell apically acute ; areolet wanting ; the strongly oblique iutercubital nervure receiving second recurrent, inner and outer cubital uervures at a common point ; sinus iufumate ; uervellus strongly geniculate at its upper fourth. SKIAPUS COALESCENS, sp. nov. c? 9 . -A- bright flavous species, with extreme mandibular apices, ocellar region, the central occipital impression, antennae except underside of scape, three mesouotal vittae, a radical dot, spicula and its valvulae except apically, and whole of hind tibiae and tarsi, black ; stigma and uervures infuscate, with centre of the former rufescent ; wings subhyaliue, evenly and but very slightly infumate throughout. Length, 8-10 mm. The type of this remarkable tribe and genus is in my collection ; it was captured at Stella Bush, near Durban, in Natal, by H. W. Bell Maiiey during April, 1915. I do not anticipate that the species is rare, for W. E. Jones has found it at Mfongosi in Zululaud in May, 1916, F. Muir about Durban in 1902 (in coll. Mus. Brit.), and S. A. Neave considerably extended its known range by his discovery of the unique male on February 4th, 1913, at Mluuje in Nyassalaud. SUBFAMILY TRYPHON1NAE. TKIOE BASSIDES. BASSUS, Fall. Specimen. Hym. 1813. BASSUS LAETATOEIUS, Fab. Cam. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 131. Mori. loc. cit. xv, 1916, p. 391. This cosmopolitan species has now penetrated to Zululand, where W. E. Jones took it at Mfougosi during April, 1916. Annals of the South African Museum. SUJJFAMILY OPHIONINAE. TuiBE OPHIONIDES. ALLOCAMPTUS, Thonis.* Opusc. Entom. xii, 1888, p. 1186. ALLOCAMPTUS SENESCENS, Tosq. Mem. Soc. Entom. Belg. v, 1896, p. 375, < . Found by Dr. Melle. Arcturus, 1915, Salisbury in Mashoualand, and by Jones at Mfongosi in Zululand. The 9 differs only sexually; in the present instance, also in having the uervellus interrupted at a slightly higher point, and the thorax of a paler colour, than the male. ALLOCAMPTUS CRASSELLUS, sp. nov. $ only. A testaceous species with head mainly flavous, stigma and costa and ilagellum nigrescent ; agreeing in all essential characters with the Australasian A. crux* it* (Eevis. Ichu. i, 1912, p. 20), but much smaller with the stigma darker, and base of radial nervure strongly sinuate. Basal nervure continuous through median, uer- vellus genieulate at its lower third, scute-Hum deplanate and laterally carinate only to its centre; metauotum shagreened with its basal region smoother. From all African species with corneous alar marks, the posterior breadth of the head, which is no less than that of the eyes, will distinguish it. Length, 17 mm. Captured at Mfongosi in Zululaud during March, 19 16, by W. E. Joues. ALLOCAMPTUS NUGALIS, Schulz. Spolia Hymen. 1906,'p. 275, $ . A female was taken at Durbau in Natal by Marley in March, 1915. I have examined the type of Schulz' species, which is in the British Museum. * I should like tu takr the opportunity of correcting the synonymy of ALLOCAMI-TUIS LATILINEATUS, Cam., found in Mexico, Guatemala., Paraguay, and Brazil : Ojihion curvinervis, Cameron, Biologia Centr.-Amer. PL XLV1II, ISSfi, Hym. i, p. 293, PI. XII, fig. 19, $ (nee Kriech.). Ophif>iuuri>h " TRIBE PANISCIDES. PANISCUS, Grav. Ichn. Europ. iii, 1829, p. 622. PANISCUS AETHIOPICUS, Szepl. Bull. Mus. Paris, 1907, p. 139, 9 . Both sexes are from Mfongosi in Zululand during April, 1916 (W. E. Jones), and from Kimberley during October, 1913 (Bro. J. H. Power). 15 224 Annals of the South African Museum. PANISCUS OCELLARIS, Szepl. Kilimandj. Exped. ii, 1910, p. 89, 9 . A male (which sex I described in Eevis. Ichu. ii, 1913, p. 116) was found by W. E. Jones at Mforigosi in Zululand during May, 1916. TRIBE PRISTOMBRIDES. PEISTOMEKIDIA, Ashm. Proc. TJ. S. Nat. Mus. 1900, p. 100. This differs from the next genus in no constant character but the straight nervellus, which is neither geniculate nor intercepted. PRISTOMERIDIA ALBESCENS, sp. nov. c 9 c? A very pale stramineous, dull and apparently debilitant species with the mandibular apex, a line connecting ocelli, a vitta on each of the three mesonotal lobes, [scutellar fovea, frenum, speculum, hind tarsi, base and apex of their tibiae, inner side of their coxae and more or less of anus, indefinitely brunueous or nigrescent ; flagellum infuscate with joints of its basal half apically flavidous and the first pale beneath. Face short, shining and finely punctate, longitudinally elevated centrally and discreted from the convex and apically rounded clypeus ; mandibular teeth of equal length, cheeks normal. Meso- notum dull and finely shagreened, its apex prominent and abruptly declived but with superficial notanli ; scutellum convex, ueai'ly circular and whitish, only basally margined ; metathorax obsoletely scabricu- lous, both its transcarinae distinct with very indistinct and sub- triangular areola ; petiolar area trans-strigose. Abdomen linear, somewhat dull and evenly shagreened throughout, with the thyridii of second segment elongate and genital valvulae exserted. Legs slender ; hind femora stout with an acute tooth, followed by a series of serrations, slightly beyond centre. Wings ample and hyaline with nervures and the very broad stigma black ; basal continuous through median ; nervellus neither geniculate nor intercepted. The 9 shows remarkable transition to the Cremastides, and suggests that the present tribe cannot long be retained distinct therefrom. Its hind femora bear no more than the slightest trace of a tubercle, followed by a series of very fine trans-striae. In other respects it differs from the male in nothing but its black and subaciculate two basal segments, nigrescent metanotum and centre of the third and On some South African Ichneumonidae. 225 fourth segments ; the terebra is straight, black and half length of abdomen. Length, g $ , 5-5 1 mm. A couple of males were found with one female by W. E. Jones at Mfongosi in Zululaud, April, 1916. PBISTOMERUS, Curtis. Brit. Ent. xiii, 1836, p. 624. PRISTOMERUS LUTEOLUS, Tosq. Mem. Soc. Eutom. Belg. v, 1896, p. 421, $. It is surprising that no additional species of this genus have been Itrought forward since Tosquiuet (loc. cit.) described three. The present male was from Gambia; but a second, captured by D. Dodds at Salisbury in South Rhodesia, is certainly not distinct and represents a wide range. TRIBE CREMASTIDES. CEEMASTUS, Grav. Morley, Ann. S. Afr. Mus. xv, 1916, p. 393. CREMASTUS ANNULICORNIS, Tosq. Mem. Soc. Eutom. Belg. v, 1896, p. 416, $ . I am not aware that this species has been mentioned since first described from Delagoa Bay ; and the <$ is still unknown. The dark stigma bordered by the pale costa is remarkable. The only species since described from all Africa appears to be C. testaceus, Szepl. (Kilimaudjaro Exped. viii, 3, 1910, p. 50).* One female occurred to Jones at Mfougosi in Zululand during May, 1916. CREMASTTJS NOXIOSUS, Mori. Fauna India, Ichu. i, 1913, p. 501, g $ . A male, differing in no pertinent particular from the typical Bengal type of this species was captured in Natal by Marley during March, 1916. CREMASTUS CYPETE, sp. nov. 9 only. A strongly elongate, dull species with mandibles, orbits throughout, elongate lines before radices coalesceut with two hamate * Also here must be added EICRENA PALLIDIPBNNIS, Cameron, Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v, 190(5, p. lU-i, which I noted as belonging to the Cremastides, and not (as placed by its author) to the Porizonides, when examining the reputed type in the British Museum. 226 Annals of the South African Museum. mesonotal vittae, apices of third to fifth segments centrally, venter and a dot beneath anterior coxae, flavous ; legs, and marks near apices of second and third segments, i-nore or less dark rufesceut. Head dull and distinctly punctate with only scrobes glabrous ; face not convex, its apex discreted from the reflexed and apically rounded clypeus 5 juxta-anteuual orbits elevated. Antennae not pale-marked. Thorax dull and somewhat deeply punctate throughout, with obsolete notauli ; nietathoracic areae entire ; basal area narrow, areola large and sub- parallel-sided, twice longer than broad and emitting strong costulae from its basal third. Scutellum deplanate, not margined, as deeply punctate as the thorax. Abdomen finely shagreened with second segment aciculate throughout, its thyridii basal ; terebra deflexed, black and longer (5f mm.) than whole abdomen (5 mm.). Wings hyaline with stout nervures ; stigma broad and black ; base of apical abscissa of radius strongly sinuate ; brachial cell very narrow ; nervellus neither geuiculate nor intercepted. Length, 8 mm. The type is labelled: ;t Hottentots' Holland Mts. 4000 feet. Caledon, Cape, Barnard, 1916." TKIJJK CAMPOPLEGIDES. XANTHOCAMPOPLEX, Mori.* Fauna India, Ichn. i, 1913, p. 445. XANTHOCAMPOPLEX FLAVESCENS, sp. nov. c $ . A dull and very slender species, the wings hyaline and body clear Havous with only the mandibular apices, ocellar region, flagellum and disc of scape, terebral valvulae, hind tarsi and apices of the anterior, black ; central mesonotal vitta nigrescent and in $ extending to scutellum, sometimes with a pale bruuueous one on either side. Metathorax shagreened with a curved basal transcarina touching the base centrally, to which the parallel- sided and trans-striolate petiolar area extends ; spiracles linear. Basal segment glabrous, gradually explanate apically and longer than the terebra. Discal spines of the hind tibiae strong ; tarsi pectinate. Wings somewhat narrow, with tegulae and stigma fiavidous ; lower basal nervure postf urcal ; radius * XANTHOCA.MPOPLEX NIGROMACULATUS is the only described species Zachresta (sic) nigroma,culata, Cam. Aim. Nat. Hist, xx, 1907, p. 13, $ Xanthocampoplex orientalis, Mori. Faun. India, Ichn. i, 1913, p. 445, $ $ . Th Berlin Museum possesses this species from Sumatra and twenty-three speci- mens, comprising both sexes, which were collected by Col. Bingham in Sikkim On some South African Ichneumonidae. 227 elongate and but slightly curved ; petiole of the oblique areolet as long as its inner nervure ; both the outer cubital and second recurrent nervures emitted from lower external angle of areolet ; hind wings with both the radial and cubital uervures pellucid beyond the recurrent ; nervellus entire, straight and not intercepted. Length, 8-9 mm. Both sexes occurred to W. E. Jones at Mfougosi in Zululaud during April and May, 1916. OMOKGA, Thorns. Opusc. Entom. xi, 1887, p. 1125. OMORGA LONGICEPS, Cam. Limneriumlongiceps, Cam. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 100, 9 The $ differs very slightly in having the mandibles, palpi, tegulae and the anterior coxae and trochauters, pure white ; the hind coxae and trochanters stramineous, and the basal joint of their tarsi not pale-marked. The structure of the uervellus was overlooked by Cameron ; it is antefurcal and geniculate, relegating the species to Thomson's genus Omorya, with which the conformation of the basal segment also agrees. The androtype was captured at Mfougosi in Zululaud by W. E. Jones in May, 1916. INDEX. A PAGE Aello (Goryphus) 208 Aethiopicus (Paniscus) . 223 AGLAOCRYPTUS, Cam. . . 211 AGLAOJOPPA, Cam 196 albesctiiis (Pristomeridia) . 224 ALLOCAMl'TUS, Thoms. . 2:12 AMBLYPYGINI 200 iinnulioornis (Cremastus) . 225 ASPHRAGIS, Forst. . 217 B BANCHIDES . . 218 BASSIDES 221 BASSUS, Fall. . 221 bucephalus (Leptophatnus ) 194 CAMPOPLEGIDES . 22(i cariniscrobcs (Eupalamus) 195) Celoono (Goryphus) . . 2U7 Ceta (Platylabus) 2<>3 CHARITOJOPPA, Cain. 2(.M) cinctitibia (Goryphus) . 206 coalescens (Skiapus). . 221 COELICHNEUMON, Thoms. 197 conflatus (Neotypus) . . 198 corniger (Goryphus) . . 2<><; erassellus (Allocamptus) . 222 CEEMASTIDES . 2t:> CREMASTUS, Grav. . 225 cvocata (Pimpla) . 214 CRYPTAULAX, Cam. . . 209 CRYPTIDES . 205 CRYPTINAE . 205 CRYPTINI . . 210 CRYPTUS, Fabr. . 211 Cypete (Creinastus) D denticlypeus (Mesostemis) 208 discreta (Tegona) . 218 divisa (Hemipimpla) . 215 E. EARRANA, Cam. 209 ECHTHROMOKPHA, Hlmgr. . 213 ECHTHROMORPHIDES . . 213 EPIJOPPA, Mori. . . 196 EPIURUS, Thoms. . . 214 EUPALAMUS, Westin. EXERISTES, Forst. . flavescens (Xanthocampoplex) Havidorbitalis (Asphragis) . flavomactdatus (Nototrachys) t'uscicornis (Syzeuctus) G (TiABUNIA, Kriesch glabratus (Aglaocryptus) . GORYPHUS, Hlmgr. H lu-inorythraeus (Platylabus) HEMIPIMPLA, Sauss. HEMITELES, Grav. . HEMITELINI . HENICOSPILUS, Steph. , ICHNEUMON ID AE . ICHNEUMONIDES ICHNEUMONINAE inermis (Xanthojoppa) interstitialis (Sy/ouctus) ISCHNOJOPPA, Kriesch JOPPIDES laetatorius (Bassus) . Leighi (Cryptus) . leionotus (Hunicospilus) . . LEPTOPHATNUS, Cam. . . LISSONOTIDES LISTRODROMIDES . . lobatus (Goryphus) . . longescutellatus (Honicospilus) . longiceps (Omorga) . . Lucifer (Platylabus) . lutea (Xanthojoppa) . luteolus (Pristomerus) M maculiceps (Moansa) . melanocera (Theronia) . PAGE 199 213 22(i 217 223 217 212 211 205 215 2O5 2()5 223 193 199 19:5 19l> 217 194 193 221 211 22:! 193 216 198 206 223 227 2(3 195 225 212 213 Index. 229 PAGE MESOSTENINI . 2nr, MESOSTENUS, Grav. 2os MOANSA, Tosq. . 212 N NEOTYPUS, Forst. . Mis nigricornis (Exoristes) 213 nigricoxata (Epijoppa) !!)(! NOTOTRACHYS, Marsli. 22:; noxiosus (Creinastus) . 22.', nugalis (Allocamptus) 222 O ocellaris (Paniscus) . 221 ortans (Mesostonus) . L'OJI OMORGA, Thorns. 227 ol'HIONIDES . 222 OPHIONINAE OXYPYGINI 199 PANISCIDES 223 PANISCUS, Grav. . 223 pctiolaris (Coelichneumon) 197 Phorcys (Platylabus) . < 12 PHYGADEUONIDES 205 PIMPLA, Fabr. . 214 PIMPLIDES 213 PIMPLINAE 212 PLATYLABUS, Wesm. 2()1 PLATYUEINI . 201 PKISTOMEEIDES . 2"i I'RISTOMERIDIA, Ash7ii 224 PKISTOMERUS, Curtis . . 225 pubens (Pimpla) . 214 pulchellus (Hemiteles) 205 R rectinervis (Earrana) . 210 renovata (Xanthopimpla) . 214 PAGE rhodesiae (Mesostenus) . 208 rubricosa (Asphragis) . .218 rubrithorax (Aglaojoppa) . . 196 ruficeps (Cryptavilax) . . 209 ruficeps (Leptophatmia) . . 193 ruficoxis (Gabunia) . . 212 rut'us (Henicospilus) . . 223 semidilutus (Epi virus) . 214 senescens (Allocaniptus) 222 SKIAPODES . 219 SKIAPUS, n.g. . .220 spilocephalus (Syzeuctus) . 2l(i SYZEUCTUS, Forst. . 21(i TEGONA, Mori. . .,218 terebrata (Hemipimpla) . . 215 testaceus (Goryphus) . 207 testaceus (Platylabus) 2O4 THERONIA, Hlmgr. . .213 thoraeica (Charitojoppa) . . 200 togensis (Gabunia) . .212 TRYPHONINAE 221 vallatus (Platylabvis) . . 204 variabilis (Epijoppa) . . 191; variegata (Echthromorpha) . 213 vecors (Henicospilus) . . 223 visibilis (Ischnojoppa) 194 XANTHOCAMPOPLEX, Mori. 220 XANTHOJOPPA, Cam. 195 XANTHOPIMPLA, Sauss.. . 214 XORIDIDES 212 (231) 9. South African Crustacea (Part X of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). By the Eev. THOMAS E. E. STEBBINO, M.A., F.E.S., F.L.S., F.Z.S., Fellow of King's College, London, Hon. Memb. of New Zealand Inst., Hon. Fellow of Worcester College, Oxford. (Plates XVIII-XXVII of Vol. XVII. Plates XCVIII-CVII of Crustacea.) OF the thirty-six species noted in this contribution ten are regarded as new to science, and for three of them new genera have been named, Dairoides in the family Xanthidae of the Cyclometopa, Xeinostoma in the family Cyclodorippidae of the Oxystomata, and Hapaloptyx in the family Uroptychidae of the Galatheidea. Notice is taken of Dr. Ihle's identification of my genus NasinataHs, 1910, with Corycodus, A. Milne- Edwards. 1880, and the transfer of Corycodus disjunctives from the Eauinidae to the Cyclodorippidae. The specific validity of Platymaia turbynei is accepted, as proposed or suggested by Miss Eathbuu. Mr. Keppel Barnard has pointed out to me that the locality given in Part IX, p. 26, of this series for Hyastenus uncifer, Caiman, is misleading, since " Pietermaritzburg is at least 50 miles from the sea." Whatever the explanation may be, my authority was correctly quoted. Perhaps Pieterniaritzburg was only added to indicate whereabouts in Natal the " Umsunduzi Eiver " should be looked for, without any intention to imply that the marine species had visited the inland town. It may be worth mentioning that the paper has been unavoidably curtailed and its publication considerably delayed, owing to those gigantic troubles, still reluctantly subsiding, which have extended their interference to efforts the most unambitious and peaceful. BRACHYURA GENUINA. TRIBE OXYERHYNCHA. FAMILY INACHIDAE. GTEN. PLATYMAIA, Miers. 1886. Platymaia, Miers. Challenger Brachyura, p. 12. 1918. ,, Eathbuu, Fisheries, Australia, F.I.S. Endeavour, vol. 5, pt. 1, p. 7. 16 232 Annals of the Sonth African Museum. PLATTMAIA TURBYNEI, Stebbing. 1902. Platymaia turbynei, Stebbing, S. Afr. Crust., pt. 2, p. 3, pi. 5, in Grilchrist's Marine Investigations of S. Africa. 1918. Rathbuii, Fisheries, Australia, F.I.S. Endeavour, vol. 5, pt. 1, p. 9. Miss Rathbun decides that the specimens which Wood-Mason and Alcock, Chun and Doflein identified with P. wyville- thomsoni, Miers, should be distinguished from that species under the new name of P. alcocki. Further it appears that in 1908 and ]910 I ought not to have accepted Doflein's identification of niy species with that which has now been named P. alcocki, for in regard to this Miss Rathbuu writes, "The name P. turbynei, Stebbing, cannot be applied to the above form [P. alcock%\ because it is differentiated by the characters set forth by Stebbing, e. g. the propodus of the penultimate leg of turbynei is about twice as long as the same article in the young male of similar (larger) size of P. alcocki. Compare Stebbing's pi. 5 with Doflein's pi. 22, fig. 1." In the text of my paper above cited it is obvious that on page 5 in the top line " sixth joint" should be read instead of " fifth joint," as shown by the figure which Miss Rathbun quotes. FAMILY BLASTIDAE. (For systematic references see these Annals, vol. 6, pp. 283, 288, 1910.) GEN. DOCLEA, Leach. 1815. Doclea, Leach, The Zoological Miscellany, vol. 2, p. 41. 1895. Alcock, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, vol. 64, pt. 2, pp. 165, 225. 1918 Rathbuu, Fisheries, Australia, F.I.S. Endeavour, vol. 5, pt. 1, p. 16. DOCLEA MUEICATUS (Herbst). 1788. Cancer muricatus, Herbst, Krabben mid Krebse, pt 7, p. 211, pi. 14 ; fig. 85. 1793. Fabricius, Ent, Syst., vol. 2, p. 459. 1798. Inachus muricatus and Jiybridus, Fabricius, Suppl. Ent. Syst.,. p. 355. South African Crustacea. 233 1834. Dodea hybrida and muricata, Milne Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., vol. 1, pp. 294, 295. 1895. Dodea muricata and hybrida, Alcock, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, vol. 64, pt. 2, pp. 230, 231. Under the last reference Alcock supplies more of the biblio- graphy and a comparison of the two species which suffices to my mind to make the second name superfluous, though it is the one which would apply to our specimen were such distinction really needed. From the little notch in the rostrum to the apex of the hind- most spine the carapace measures 38 mm. Across the widest part the breadth is 29 mm. The elevations in the median line longitudinally are blunt. In the right cheliped the chela is scarcely longer than the finger of the second peraeopod, with the breadth of the palm equal to the length of the thumb, both this and the rather longer curved finger being considerably shorter than the palm. The specimen is a male, with the left cheliped mssng. Locality. Point Shepstone, W.N.W. 2 miles ; depth 34 fathoms. A 1355. TRIBE CYCLOMETOPA. FAMILY XANTHIDAK. GEN. DAIROIDES, nov. Extensively tuberculate carapace rotundiform except at points of greatest breadth. Pleon of male of seven segments, third segment the broadest, seventh with narrowly rounded apex. Front of carapace between the orbits about one-fourth of the greatest breadth. Mandi- bular palp two-jointed. Third joint of third maxillipeds strongly tuberculate, distally widened, fourth joint narrow at base, distally as wide as the third joint, its anterior margin produced into a strong tooth outside the fifth joint. Chelipeds unequal, cristiform. Ambu- latory limbs with fourth, fifth aud sixth joints not expanded but strongly and in part spinosely tuberculate, the seventh joint not tuberculate but felted with minute spiuules, and ending in a small curved horn-like nail. The male organ of the second pleopod verv long and slender with acute apex. 234 Annals of the South African Museum. DAIROIDES MAEGARITATUS, n. sp. Plate XCVIII. The delicate specimen for which the new genus is instituted ai'rived from the Cape in company with eight and a quarter of its limbs, but all of them detached from the body, so that the respective lengths of the ambulatory legs could not be assigned with certainty. The somewhat depressed front of the carapace was also damaged, leaving its proper character indefinite. The affinity of the species seems to be with Daira and Actaea, for though the mouth-organs make a nearer approach in shape to those figured by de Haan for his Cycloes, the third maxillipeds are strictly confined to the mouth cavity, not, as in that genus, produced to the frontal margin. The carapace, about 31 mm. broad at the broadest part below the middle, is about 22 mm. long. Dorsally it is covei'ed by a mass of shining tubercles, the crowding of which obscures their symmetrical arrangement. On the ventral surface curved lines in front of the mouth cavity and long lines of more or less bead-like prominences on either side of that cavity and the pleon, together with the ornamenta- tion of the pleon itself and of the third maxillipeds, pi-oduces a very elegant appearance. Had the verrucose chelipeds and horny walking- legs been in position, they would have diversified, perhaps without enhancing, this artistic display. At the hinder end of the antero- lateral margin a triplet of tubercles makes a decided projection ; between this and the orbit at two points single tubercles feebly project. The shell of the carapace in its intimate structure appears to resemble that which Dana describes for Actaea cellulosa and figur